Tumor Cell Intravasation
Tumor Cell Intravasation - Related Videos
10:04
Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells
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2025
This protocol describes the in vivo reprogramming of mouse cancer cells into type 1 dendritic-like cells within the tumor microenvironment through enforced expression of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3.
10:15
Isolation and Culture Expansion of Tumor-specific Endothelial Cells
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Cited by 20 •
2015
We report a reliable method to isolate and culture primary tumor-specific endothelial cells from genetically engineered mouse models.
04:17
Long-term Orthotopic Transplantation of Tumor Cells into Zebrafish Embryos: An Efficient Method to Deliver Tumor Cells into the Fourth Ventricle of Zebrafish Embryos for Long-term Analysis of Tumor Cell Behavior
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2025
This video demonstrates the orthotopic transplantation of zebrafish brain tumor cells into the fourth ventricle of an immunocompetent zebrafish embryo. This procedure allows for the long-term study of tumor cell invasion and behavior.
04:28
Lung Tumor Cell Recruitment Assay
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2019
This manuscript describes a method to quantify tumor cell accumulation in the lungs in an animal model of tumor metastasis.
02:42
An In Vitro Assay to Evaluate the Anti-Tumor Activity of Tumor-Specific CAR T Cells
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2025
This video demonstrates an in vitro assay to validate chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell activity. B-cell lymphoma cells expressing CD19 antigen and cytoplasmic luciferase are co-cultured with CD19-specific CAR T cells. CAR binding to CD19 on a tumor induces the CAR T cells to release cytokines and toxins that cause tumor cell cytotoxicity. The CAR T cell activity is evaluated by quantifying the released cytokine and decreased luciferase-mediated bioluminescence in the tumor cells.
FAQs
These properties support a coordinated passage through the tumor surroundings and vessel boundary. Altered cell adhesion can help cancer cells disengage from neighboring structures, while increased motility supports movement through the extracellular matrix. Protease activity contributes to remodeling the matrix and basement membrane, creating a path toward endothelial cells and the vessel wall.
The extracellular matrix and basement membrane form structural barriers between a primary tumor and nearby vessels. Their remodeling reduces the physical resistance encountered by migrating tumor cells and helps those cells reach the endothelial layer. Examining this remodeling therefore connects local tissue invasion with the later opportunity for cancer cells to enter blood or lymphatic circulation.
Endothelial cells form the cellular interface that tumor cells must interact with before crossing a vessel wall. These interactions occur after tumor cells move through surrounding matrix and the basement membrane, linking tissue invasion to vessel entry. Studying the endothelial step helps clarify how local tumor cells gain access to routes that can carry them toward distant organs.
Intravasation gives tumor cells access to circulation, but the overview distinguishes this step from establishing metastases in distant organs. Only some circulating cells ultimately produce metastatic growth. This distinction is important because research must examine intravasation as one stage of metastatic spread rather than treating vessel entry alone as evidence that a distant tumor will form.
Researchers investigate the process with intravasation assays, imaging, and organoid or animal models. These approaches provide complementary ways to examine invasion mechanisms and the interaction of tumor cells with vessel-associated structures. Together, they help connect cellular behavior observed in experimental systems with the broader process of metastatic spread from a primary tumor.
Intravasation assays can support evaluation of the mechanisms that enable tumor cells to invade and enter nearby vessels. By focusing on this transition, investigators can examine the contributions of altered adhesion, motility, protease activity, matrix remodeling, and endothelial interaction. The resulting information helps identify how a local tumor acquires access to blood or lymphatic routes.
Organoid and animal models, together with imaging, provide experimental contexts for studying tumor cell behavior during vessel entry. They can be used to evaluate invasion mechanisms and investigate anti-metastatic therapies. Their relevance lies in examining the process within modeled tissue or organismal settings, while intravasation assays offer a focused approach to the same research question.