Snare Mediated Exocytosis
Snare Mediated Exocytosis - Related Videos
09:19
Analysis of SNARE-mediated Membrane Fusion Using an Enzymatic Cell Fusion Assay
0 Views •
2012
We have developed a cell fusion assay that quantifies SNARE-mediated membrane fusion events by activated expression of β-galactosidase.
09:27
An Introduction to Endocytosis and Exocytosis
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2023
Cells can take in substances from the extracellular environment by endocytosis and actively release molecules into it by exocytosis. Such processes involve lipid membrane-bound sacs called vesicles. Knowledge of the molecular architecture and mechanisms of both is key to understanding normal cell physiology, as well as the disease states that arise when they become defective. This video will first briefly review a few pivotal discoveries in the history of endo- and exocytosis research. Next,...
03:34
An In Vitro Technique to Visualize Exocytosis of Secretory Granules in Mast Cells
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2025
This video demonstrates a technique to visualize exocytosis in mast cells. The cells are incubated with FITC-dextran — a fluorescent reporter — which is taken up by cells inside secretory granules (SGs), where the acidic pH quenches its fluorescence. Upon stimulation of granule exocytosis, the medium's higher pH induces reporter fluorescence inside the fused SGs, which is visualized using a fluorescence microscope.
10:58
SNARE-mediated Fusion of Single Proteoliposomes with Tethered Supported Bilayers in a Microfluidic Flow Cell Monitored by Polarized TIRF Microscopy
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Cited by 8 •
2016
Here, we present a protocol to detect single, SNARE-mediated fusion events between liposomes and supported bilayers in microfluidic channels using polarized TIRFM, with single molecule sensitivity and ~15 msec time resolution. Lipid and soluble cargo release can be detected simultaneously. Liposome size, lipid diffusivity, and fusion pore properties are measured.
16:01
Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis
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Cited by 9 •
2015
The goal of the present protocol was to develop a method that will allow functional genomic analyses of mast cell secretion. The protocol is based on quantitative assessment of the release of a fluorescent reporter gene cotrasfected with the gene of interest and real time analyses of the secretory granule's morphology.
FAQs
These proteins contribute distinct membrane-associated elements to the fusion machinery. Vesicular synaptobrevin is located on the intracellular vesicle, while syntaxin and SNAP-25 reside in the plasma membrane. Their assembly into a SNARE complex brings the two membranes into close apposition, creating the structural basis for vesicle fusion and subsequent cargo release.
Calcium entry during an action potential provides the signal that activates synaptotagmin, a calcium-sensitive component associated with the vesicle fusion process. This activation links neuronal electrical activity to SNARE-driven membrane fusion. Because the trigger occurs during the action potential, calcium-dependent control supports the rapid release required for fast synaptic transmission.
SNARE assembly establishes close contact between the vesicle and plasma membrane, but synaptotagmin supplies the calcium-responsive control step described for neuronal release. When calcium enters during an action potential, synaptotagmin is activated and initiates fusion. This division of roles helps explain how membrane preparation and signal-dependent release are coordinated.
Neuronal release can be altered by changes affecting SNARE proteins or their regulation, as well as by toxins or compounds that interfere with neurotransmitter release. Such disruption can modify the communication process between neurons. Examining these effects helps connect molecular changes in the fusion machinery with altered synaptic signaling and neurological function.
A neuroscience investigation can focus on the SNARE proteins, their assembly, and the controls that connect calcium entry with vesicle fusion. Researchers can then relate these molecular events to neurotransmitter release and synaptic function. This approach provides a framework for examining how changes in the fusion process influence neuronal communication without treating release as an isolated event.
Because SNARE-mediated exocytosis supports fast synaptic transmission, studying its proteins and regulatory mechanisms can reveal how impaired vesicle fusion or neurotransmitter release affects neuronal signaling. The same framework also supports investigation of toxins and compounds that alter release. These comparisons help relate molecular defects or interventions to changes in synaptic function and neurological disorders.