Gene expression is a crucial biological process with many potential points of regulation. While the main focus of molecular biology has traditionally been uncovering the molecular steps of gene expression, it is less clear how these steps are orchestrated and regulated over time. Traditionally, gene expression regulation has been studied by measuring the number of its products: RNAs and proteins. This is important information because changes in gene expression can tell us how cells react to different conditions; these changes are linked to many diseases such as cancer. However, gene expression is a complex, multi-stage process and measuring the number of its products alone is insufficient in order to decipher the rules of gene regulation. We are now witnessing a revolution in experimental methods (such as DNA sequencing and single-cell imaging) that can inform us about the status of the molecular machinery that is actively engaged in gene expression at a given point in time. This method collection will gather novel approaches as well as accepted practices that are used to understand the dynamics of gene expression. These include but are not limited to: (1) methods for time-resolved transcriptome and proteome measurements, (2) methods that probe the dynamics of the transcriptional and translational machinery, and (3) methods that visualize gene expression dynamics.