The surface morphology and properties of dental tissues and materials play a crucial role in maintaining oral health. Since dental biofilm accumulates rapidly on rough surfaces, alterations to the tooth surface can significantly affect the health of the periodontium. The primary objective of periodontal treatment is to achieve a biologically acceptable root surface. 

During treatment procedures, it is critical to eliminate local etiological factors without damaging surface morphology. Following surface debridement, a possible increase in surface roughness may facilitate dental biofilm accumulation, thereby initiating gingival inflammation. From a clinical point of view, surface roughness also induces irreversible damage to dental tissues and restorative materials by increasing bacterial adhesion. 

This Methods Collection explores various methods for evaluating surface morphology, such as Knoop or Vickers hardness tests, contact or noncontact profilometers, and SEM evaluation. The methods are accompanied by videos to assist researchers in selecting an appropriate methodology for their studies.