Biological Stimulation
Biological Stimulation - Related Videos
13:29
Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues
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2021
This protocol describes the step-by-step process to build both electrical and magnetic stimulators used to stimulate biological tissues. The protocol includes a guideline to simulate computationally electric and magnetic fields and manufacture of stimulator devices.
11:02
Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network
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Cited by 18 •
2010
In this article, we examine the methodology and considerations relevant to the combination of TMS and fMRI to examine the effects of brain stimulation on the default network.
07:28
Synthetic Biology
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2023
This video presents synthetic biology and its role in bioengineering. Synthetic biology refers to the methods used to genetically modify organisms in order to make them capable of producing large quantities of a product. This product could be a protein that the cell already makes or a new protein that has been encoded in a newly-inserted DNA sequence. Here, we discuss how an organism's genetic material is modified using transformation or transfection. Then, the process is shown in the...
09:06
In vivo Imaging of Biological Tissues with Combined Two-Photon Fluorescence and Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
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Cited by 5 •
2021
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy allows label-free imaging of biomolecules based on their intrinsic vibration of specific chemical bonds. In this protocol, the instrumental setup of an integrated SRS and two-photon fluorescence microscope is described to visualize cellular structures in the spinal cord of live mice.
02:59
Biological Effects of Radiation
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2020
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...
FAQs
These cues can engage distinct cellular mechanisms, including receptor-mediated signaling, ion-channel activation, and mechanically induced changes in cell shape. The resulting signals influence how cells behave and function rather than producing one uniform response. In bioengineering, selecting the cue according to the desired cellular behavior helps researchers guide responses in culture systems and engineered tissue constructs.
Cells respond not only to the type of stimulus but also to how strongly and how long it is applied. Changes in intensity, timing, or duration can alter the activity and function produced by the same general cue. Controlling these variables is therefore essential when researchers aim to regulate proliferation, differentiation, migration, or tissue organization.
Mechanically induced responses can begin with changes in cell shape and subsequently affect gene expression, whereas receptor-mediated signaling depends on cellular recognition of a cue and ion-channel activation changes channel-linked activity. These mechanisms provide different routes for translating stimulation into cellular behavior. Their distinction helps bioengineers relate a chosen cue to the response they want to control.
A strategy begins by matching the intended outcome with an appropriate physical, chemical, or biological cue. Researchers then consider the stimulus type, intensity, timing, and duration because each variable can shape the cellular response. This design framework supports controlled efforts to influence cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, or organization within culture systems and engineered constructs.
In bioengineering, stimulation can be directed toward several measurable changes, including increased or altered cell proliferation, differentiation into specialized states, migration through a system, and organization of cells within a tissue construct. These outcomes help researchers evaluate whether a culture system or engineered construct is developing the behavior and structure needed for its intended purpose.
The approach is relevant when researchers need to control cell or tissue behavior for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, drug testing, or responsive therapies and biomedical devices. It can help create engineered environments that influence how cells function and organize. The same principles therefore connect basic studies of cellular responses with the development and evaluation of biomedical applications.