Thiol Self-assembled Monolayer
Thiol Self-assembled Monolayer - Related Videos
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A simple, robust and scalable technique to functionalize and self-assemble macroscopic nanoparticle-ligand monolayer films onto template-free substrates is described in this protocol.
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We present a procedure for forming a poly(ethylene glycol) self-assembled monolayer (PEG-SAM) on a silicon substrate with gold microelectrodes. The PEG-SAM is formed in a single step and prevents biofouling on silicon and gold surfaces. Electrophoresis is then used for patterning biomolecules down to the nanoscale.
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Covalent Binding of BMP-2 on Surfaces Using a Self-assembled Monolayer Approach
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We describe a method for accomplishing efficient immobilization of BMP-2 on surfaces. Our approach is based on the formation of a self-assembled monolayer to achieve the covalent binding of BMP-2 via its free amine residues. This method is a useful tool to study signaling at the cell membrane.
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Preparation and Reactions of Thiols
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2023
Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol. This reaction fails because the thiol product can undergo a second nucleophilic substitution reaction in the presence of an excess alkyl halide to generate a sulfide as a by-product. This limitation can be overcome by using thiourea as the nucleophile. The reaction first produces an alkyl...
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The sulfur group strongly chemisorbs to metals such as gold, creating the primary attachment between each molecule and the substrate. After anchoring, interactions among hydrocarbon or other molecular chains encourage neighboring molecules to pack into an ordered arrangement. This combination of strong surface binding and intermolecular organization helps produce a stable, uniform interface with exposed chemistry available for bioengineering functions.
Terminal groups determine which chemical properties the modified surface presents to its surroundings. By changing the thiol structure and the end-group chemistry, researchers can alter surface wettability, reduce nonspecific adsorption, or provide sites for attaching proteins, nucleic acids, or biological ligands. These differences allow the same metal substrate to support distinct sensing, biomaterial, or cell-interaction behaviors.
Both the sulfur-containing anchoring group and the molecular chain contribute to performance, but they control different aspects. Sulfur establishes attachment to the metal, whereas interactions among the chains promote ordered packing. The terminal chemistry then governs the surface-facing biological or physicochemical behavior. Selecting the thiol structure therefore links nanoscale organization with the intended interface outcome.
Preparation begins by choosing a thiol molecule with a structure and terminal chemistry suited to the desired interface. The molecule is brought into contact with a compatible solid surface, commonly a metal such as gold. Sulfur chemisorption anchors the molecules, while chain interactions promote spontaneous organization, leaving the selected functional groups exposed for subsequent surface modification or biological interaction.
This approach is useful when a biointerface requires controlled surface chemistry at nanoscale dimensions. Researchers can use it to modify wettability, limit nonspecific adsorption, immobilize proteins or nucleic acids, or display biological ligands that influence cell interaction. These capabilities support the development of sensor interfaces, biomaterials, and microfluidic platforms whose surface behavior must be deliberately tuned.
A modified surface can be designed to present selected functional groups or immobilized biological molecules while limiting unwanted adsorption. In sensor interfaces, this helps create a chemically tailored region for biological recognition. Within microfluidic platforms, controlling surface chemistry and wettability can influence how the interface interacts with biological components. The resulting surface design provides nanoscale control over platform behavior.