Atrial Ventricular Separation
Atrial Ventricular Separation - Related Videos
11:33
Isolation and Kv Channel Recordings in Murine Atrial and Ventricular Cardiomyocytes
0 Views •
Cited by 15 •
2013
Kv channel dysfunction is associated with cardiac arrhythmias. In order to study the molecular mechanisms that lead to such arrhythmias we utilize a systematic protocol for isolation of atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes from Kv channel ancillary subunit knockout mice. Isolated cardiomyocytes can then immediately be used for cellular electrophysiological studies, biochemical or immunofluorescence (IF) assays.
01:25
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias
0 Views •
2025
Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
23:33
The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation
0 Views •
Cited by 49 •
2012
The accompanying video describes a procedure for percutaneous placement of the WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) Device. The WATCHMAN is a nitinol device designed to be permanently implanted at, or slightly distal to, the opening of the left atrial appendage (LAA) to trap blood clots before they exit the LAA, preventing thromboembolic stroke.
11:07
High-resolution Optical Mapping of the Mouse Sino-atrial Node
0 Views •
Cited by 17 •
2016
Here, we present a protocol for optical mapping of electrical activity from the mouse right atrium and especially the sino-atrial node, at a high spatial and temporal resolution.
11:21
Robotic Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
0 Views •
Cited by 12 •
2015
Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) with an ablation catheter is a curative treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). Robotic catheter systems aim to improve catheter steerability. Here, a procedure with a new robotic catheter system is presented. The goal of the procedure is electrical block between pulmonary vein and left atrium.
FAQs
The endocardial cushions divide the common atrioventricular canal into distinct pathways, helping direct blood toward separate atrial and ventricular chambers. Their developmental contribution extends beyond partitioning because they also form part of the atrioventricular valves. Examining the cushions therefore links chamber separation with the development of structures that regulate blood passage between those chambers.
These septal structures establish separate routes for incoming and outgoing blood within the developing heart. The septum primum and septum secundum contribute to atrial partitioning, whereas the ventricular septum separates the ventricular region. Their coordinated development is important because chamber boundaries must form together to support organized blood flow through the embryonic heart.
Coordination ensures that the atrioventricular canal, atrial chambers, and ventricular chambers become aligned rather than forming isolated or mismatched partitions. This alignment supports distinct incoming and outgoing blood pathways. If the components do not develop together, blood may mix abnormally, reducing the separation between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood that the four-chambered heart requires.
A focused developmental analysis follows the endocardial cushions, septum primum, septum secundum, and ventricular septum. These structures provide complementary evidence: the cushions clarify atrioventricular canal division and valve contribution, while the septa reveal how atrial and ventricular regions become partitioned. Considering them together gives a more complete view than examining any single structure alone.
The process provides a developmental framework for understanding atrioventricular septal defects and related abnormalities in chamber partitioning. When separation is disrupted, the resulting anatomy can permit abnormal mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Connecting the defect to the affected septal or cushion-related structures helps explain how altered development changes cardiac blood-flow organization.
Researchers can evaluate whether the atrial and ventricular chambers remain properly distinct, whether the atrioventricular canal is divided, and whether the atrioventricular valves develop with the cushion-derived structures. They can also consider the resulting blood-flow pattern, especially whether oxygenated and deoxygenated blood remain separated or mix abnormally within the developing heart.