Cardiac Energetics
Cardiac Energetics - Related Videos
11:38
Assessment of Cardiac Function and Energetics in Isolated Mouse Hearts Using 31P NMR Spectroscopy
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Cited by 36 •
2010
Langendorff-mode isolated heart perfusion, in conjunction with 31P NMR spectroscopy, combines the fields of biochemistry and physiology into one experiment. The protocol allows for the dynamic measurement of high energy phosphate content and turnover in the heart while concurrently monitoring physiologic function. When performed correctly, this is a valuable technique in the assessment of cardiac energetics.
09:50
Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials
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Cited by 5 •
2015
This protocol describes the preparation of gasless nanostructured energetic materials (Ni+Al, Ta+C, Ti+C) using the short-term high-energy ball milling (HEBM) technique. It also describes a high-speed thermal imaging method to study the reactivity of mechanically fabricated nanocomposites. These protocols can be extended to other reactive nanostructured energetic materials.
02:35
Energetics of Solution Formation
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2023
The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, which is a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source. When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Formation of the solution requires the solute–solute and solvent–solvent electrostatic forces to...
08:25
Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling
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Cited by 11 •
2015
Streptococcus pneumoniae forms discrete non-purulent microscopic lesions in the heart. Outlined is the protocol for a murine model of cardiac microlesion formation. Instruction is provided on microlesion visualization using microscopy, discrimination between early and late microlesions, and methods to detect cardiac remodeling in hearts of convalescent animals.
15:45
Cardiac Stress Test Induced by Dobutamine and Monitored by Cardiac Catheterization in Mice
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Cited by 11 •
2013
We describe the protocol to perform a cardiac stress test induced by dobutamine and monitored by cardiac catheterization in normal mice. Also we show its application to unmask subclinical cardiac disease in high fat diet-induced obese mice.
FAQs
The central energetic constraint is matching ATP supply with demand. ATP-consuming actin-myosin cycling generates force, while ion transport and restoration of cellular gradients support electrical and contractile function. Cardiac energetics therefore considers production and expenditure together, because sustained circulation depends on maintaining this balance as myocardial workload changes.
Fatty acids and glucose can both serve as substrates for ATP production in cardiac muscle. Their relative use is relevant because the heart must adapt its metabolism to changes in workload and nutrient availability. Examining substrate use helps researchers identify metabolic remodeling and determine how altered fuel handling may relate to contractile performance.
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is the primary process identified for producing ATP in cardiac muscle. Its dependence on oxygen links energy generation to oxygen supply, making this relationship especially important when studying ischemia. Reduced oxygen availability can therefore be considered alongside ATP demand, contractile activity, and the preservation of cellular gradients.
An evaluation considers how much energy the heart produces, where ATP is used, and how effectively supply matches demand. Relevant variables include substrate availability, oxygen supply, myocardial workload, contractile function, and restoration of cellular gradients. Comparing these factors helps characterize adaptation and identify energetic imbalances associated with cardiovascular disease.
Cardiac energetics provides a framework for relating limited oxygen or altered metabolism to impaired myocardial performance. In ischemia, researchers can examine the relationship between oxygen supply and ATP production. In heart failure, studying energy use and metabolic remodeling helps connect changes in substrate handling or energy balance with reduced contractile function.
Researchers apply this field to study ischemia, heart failure, and metabolic remodeling, while also evaluating strategies intended to improve myocardial efficiency. The relevant outcome is not simply greater ATP production, but preservation of contractile function through better coordination of energy supply, ATP-consuming processes, oxygen availability, and nutrient use.