Chip Electrophoresis
Chip Electrophoresis - Related Videos
08:50
Capillary Electrophoresis (CE)
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Dr. B. Jill Venton - University of Virginia Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a separation technique that separates molecules in an electric field according to size and charge. CE is performed in a small glass tube called a capillary that is filled with an electrolyte solution. Analytes are separated due to differences in electrophoretic mobility, which varies with charge, solvent viscosity, and size. Traditional electrophoresis in gels is limited in the amount of voltage...
07:31
Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis
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2023
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) is a technique that can resolve thousands of biomolecules from a mixture. This technique involves two distinct separation methods that have been coupled together: isoelectric focusing (IEF) and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). This physically separates compounds across two axes of a gel by their isoelectric points (an electrochemical property) and their molecular weights. The procedure in this video covers the main...
09:22
DNA Gel Electrophoresis
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2023
DNA gel electrophoresis is a technique used for the detection and separation of DNA molecules. An electric field is applied to a gel matrix comprised of agarose, and within the gel, charge particles will migrate and separate based on size. The negatively charged phosphates of the DNA backbone cause DNA fragments to move toward the anode - a positively charged electrode. The video explains the mechanism by which DNA fragments are resolved on an agarose gel, and it provides a step-by-step...
10:52
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE)
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Cited by 10 •
2007
09:43
Microfluidic Chip Fabrication and Method to Detect Influenza
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Cited by 6 •
2013
An integrated microfluidic thermoplastic chip has been developed for use as a molecular diagnostic. The chip performs nucleic acid extraction, reverse transcriptase, and PCR. Methods for fabricating and running the chip are described.
FAQs
Charged molecules do not migrate at identical rates because their electrophoretic mobility differs, while interactions with the sieving matrix further influence movement through the channel. The applied electric field drives this migration, allowing components to resolve into separate signals over time. Consequently, the resulting pattern reflects both analyte mobility and matrix-dependent behavior rather than a single property alone.
The electric field supplies the driving force that moves charged analytes through the microfluidic channel. Differences in how molecules respond to that field produce different migration speeds, while the channel’s sieving environment contributes additional separation. Electrically driven movement is therefore central to obtaining resolved components for downstream fluorescence or absorbance measurement.
Fluorescence and absorbance provide ways to detect components after they have migrated through the channel. Because the detector is integrated into the compact device, the separated pattern can be measured within the same analytical platform rather than requiring a separate measurement step. The resulting signal supplies the evidence used to assess which components were resolved.
A typical workflow introduces a small biological sample into the chip’s channel, applies an electric field, allows charged components to migrate and resolve, and records them with an integrated fluorescence or absorbance detector. The resulting analysis can support fragment sizing or purity assessment, depending on the analyte and the assay objective.
Chip electrophoresis can be applied to DNA, RNA, proteins, and other biomolecules in biological workflows. Depending on the analytical goal, the separation can support fragment sizing, evaluation of sample purity, or development of an assay. This breadth makes the technique relevant when researchers need rapid information about biomolecular components in limited sample volumes.
Its compact format combines rapid analysis with small sample and reagent requirements, helping reduce resource use in biological workflows. The potential for automation also supports repeated or high-throughput measurements. These features make the approach valuable for research settings that need efficient analysis across many samples, particularly when fragment information, purity assessment, or assay development is required.