Extracellular Acidification
Extracellular Acidification - Related Videos
03:21
Gut Acidification Monitoring Assay: A Technique to Study the Acidification of the Intestinal Lumen in Drosophila using Bromophenol Blue Dye
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2025
This video demonstrates an assay to monitor gut acidification in Drosophila flies. After the ingestion of food supplemented with a pH indicator dye, the acidification of the intestinal lumen results in a change in the color of the dye. Visual inspection of the digestive tract of the flies to examine the color change provides evidence of acidification.
06:47
Measurement and Analysis of Extracellular Acid Production to Determine Glycolytic Rate
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Cited by 103 •
2015
Glycolysis is a defining metabolic marker in multiple biological systems. Monitoring glycolysis by measuring the extracellular flux of H+ is common, but requires correction to be quantitative and unambiguous. Here, we demonstrate how to gather and correct extracellular flux data to distinguish between respiratory and glycolytic sources of extracellular acidification.
06:15
Assessing the Metabolic Activity of Whole Regenerating Zebrafish Ventricles Ex Vivo Using an Extracellular Flux Assay
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2026
In this article, we describe a detailed protocol for quantifying the oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate of ex vivo adult zebrafish ventricles to characterize their oxidative and glycolytic metabolic capacity.
04:39
Monitoring Gut Acidification in the Adult Drosophila Intestine
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Cited by 10 •
2021
Here, we present a standardized protocol for monitoring gut acidification in Drosophila melanogaster with optimal output. We first use this protocol for gut acidification monitoring in Drosophila melanogaster and then demonstrate its use in non-model Drosophila species.
04:39
Extracellular Flux Assay: A Method for Measuring Metabolic Profile of Cells
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2023
This protocol provides a biochemical approach for measuring extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of primary leukemic cells with extracellular flux assay. The assessment of the metabolic profile of these cells helps to characterize their demands, leading to personalized therapy.
FAQs
Extracellular acidification reflects proton flux associated with both metabolism and transport. Glycolysis can produce acidic metabolites, carbon dioxide hydration contributes to acid-related changes, and proton transporters move protons across the cell boundary. These mechanisms may operate simultaneously, so a measured pH decrease represents the combined influence of cellular metabolic activity and ion movement.
Acidification measurements reveal how strongly cellular activity changes the surrounding fluid under different conditions. Interpreting these changes in relation to metabolic behavior can help distinguish responses dominated by glycolysis from those associated with oxidative activity. This comparison provides information about how cells generate and use energy, making the measurement useful for studying cellular energetics.
Proton transporter activity can change the extracellular pH by moving protons from cells into their surroundings. Consequently, acidification may reflect altered ion transport as well as changes in metabolic pathways. Accounting for this mechanism helps researchers interpret pH changes more accurately and avoid treating every extracellular signal as a direct measure of metabolism alone.
Researchers can measure the phenomenon with pH-sensitive probes or flux-based assays. pH-sensitive probes track changes in the acidity of the fluid surrounding cells, whereas flux-based approaches quantify proton movement associated with cellular activity. These complementary formats allow investigators to monitor extracellular responses and relate them to metabolism, transport, or experimental treatment.
Cells can be examined before and after exposure to nutrients, drugs, or stressful conditions, with acidification used as a measurable response. Changes in the surrounding pH or proton flux indicate that the treatment affected cellular activity, metabolism, or transport. This approach helps compare biological responses across conditions and identify treatment-associated changes in cellular energetics.
Altered extracellular acidification can provide information about cellular energetics and how cells respond to biologically important conditions. In disease research, these measurements help investigate mechanisms linked to metabolism and the surrounding cellular environment. In therapeutic development, they can support assessment of how candidate treatments influence cellular activity, metabolic responses, or proton transport.