Fm 1-43
Fm 1-43 - Related Videos
06:06
Constructing Mutants in Serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae strain 519/43
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Cited by 2 •
2020
Here, we describe a S. pneumoniae serotype 1 strain 519/43 that can be genetically modified by using its ability to naturally acquire DNA and a suicide-plasmid. As proof of principle, an isogenic mutant in the pneumolysin (ply) gene was made.
13:31
Novel Atomic Force Microscopy Based Biopanning for Isolation of Morphology Specific Reagents against TDP-43 Variants in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
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Cited by 17 •
2015
Using atomic force microscopy in combination with biopanning technology we created a negative and positive biopanning system to acquire antibodies against disease-specific protein variants present in any biological material, even at low concentrations. We were successful in obtaining antibodies to TDP-43 protein variants involved in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
09:20
Perturbing Endothelial Biomechanics via Connexin 43 Structural Disruption
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Cited by 6 •
2019
Here, we present a mechanics-based protocol to disrupt the gap junction connexin 43 and measure the subsequent impact this has on endothelial biomechanics via observation of tractions and intercellular stresses.
07:07
Measuring Glucose Uptake in Drosophila Models of TDP-43 Proteinopathy
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Cited by 3 •
2021
Glucose uptake is increased in Drosophila motor neurons affected by TAR DNA binding protein (TDP-43) proteinopathy, as indicated by a FRET-based, genetically encoded glucose sensor.
07:14
Optogenetic Phase Transition of TDP-43 in Spinal Motor Neurons of Zebrafish Larvae
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2022
We describe a protocol to induce phase transition of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) by light in the spinal motor neurons using zebrafish as a model.
FAQs
FM 1-43 provides optical contrast because its fluorescence depends on its surroundings. In aqueous solution, the dye is weakly fluorescent, whereas insertion into a lipid bilayer makes it bright. This environment-sensitive behavior links signal intensity to membrane association, allowing membrane-containing structures to be distinguished from dye remaining in the surrounding solution.
Its inability to readily cross intact membranes is central to how labeling is interpreted. Dye present outside a cell does not freely enter sealed membrane compartments; instead, endocytosis captures it as the plasma membrane is retrieved. The resulting fluorescence marks internalized vesicles, connecting the observed signal to membrane uptake rather than unrestricted diffusion.
During exocytosis, labeled vesicle membrane returns to the cell surface and the dye is released, causing fluorescence to decline. Tracking that loss over time provides a readout of vesicle fusion, while the preceding appearance of labeled internal vesicles reflects retrieval. Together, these signal changes help distinguish the outward and inward phases of membrane cycling.
Synaptic activity requires coordinated membrane retrieval and fusion. FM 1-43 makes these processes experimentally separable because uptake labels the retrieved membrane, whereas release produces signal loss during fusion. Measuring both directions helps investigators examine how neurons recycle synaptic vesicles and maintain membrane balance while supporting neurotransmitter release.
An experiment can be organized around sequential labeling and signal monitoring. The dye is available during endocytosis, allowing internalized vesicles to acquire fluorescence, and fluorescence is then followed as exocytosis releases the dye. Comparing signal appearance with subsequent loss helps relate the time course to membrane retrieval and vesicle fusion.
In biology, FM 1-43 supports investigations of neurotransmitter release, synaptic vesicle recycling, endocytosis, exocytosis, and broader membrane trafficking. By following fluorescence associated with uptake and release, researchers can connect cellular communication with the membrane movements that support it. This makes the dye relevant both to neuronal signaling and to general questions about membrane dynamics.