In Vivo Assessment
In Vivo Assessment - Related Videos
04:13
A Technique to Assess the In Vivo Localization of Tumor-Specific Antibodies
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2025
This video demonstrates a technique to study the in vivo localization of tumor-specific antibodies in a mouse tumor xenograft model. Upon subcutaneously injecting cancer cells into mice for tumor formation, fluorescently-labeled antibodies are injected that bind to tumor-specific receptors, enabling in vivo assessment of antibody localization via imaging.
10:46
In Vivo EPR Assessment of pH, pO2, Redox Status, and Concentrations of Phosphate and Glutathione in the Tumor Microenvironment
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Cited by 19 •
2018
Low-field (L-band, 1.2 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance using soluble nitroxyl and trityl probes is demonstrated for assessment of physiologically important parameters in the tumor microenvironment in mouse models of breast cancer.
12:09
The Use of Fluorescent Target Arrays for Assessment of T Cell Responses In vivo
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Cited by 12 •
2014
The ability to monitor T cell responses in detail in vivo is important for the development of our understanding of the immune response. Here we describe the use of fluorescent target arrays (FTAs) in an in vivo T cell assay that assesses >250 parameters simultaneously by flow cytometry.
07:07
Tumor Hypoxia Assessment: In Vivo 3D Oxygen Imaging Through Electron Paramagnetic Resonance
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Cited by 1 •
2025
Quantitative 3D oxygen maps of murine tumors were imaged noninvasively using Pulse Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. Ultrasound B-mode and Power Doppler were used for anatomy and vascular structure. Images from both modalities were superimposed enabling multi-parametric tumor analysis.
09:16
Simultaneous ex vivo Functional Testing of Two Retinas by in vivo Electroretinogram System
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Cited by 36 •
2015
Ex vivo ERG can be used to record electrical activity of retinal cells directly from isolated intact retinas of animals or humans. We demonstrate here how common in vivo ERG systems can be adapted for ex vivo ERG recordings in order to dissect the electrical activity of retinal cells.
FAQs
Its main advantage is preservation of physiological context. Within a living organism, immune cells, tissues, organs, microbial factors, and treatments can influence one another simultaneously, whereas cell-free or in vitro studies cannot fully reproduce those relationships. This integrated setting helps investigators determine whether an immune response or intervention remains effective amid the coordinated conditions of infection.
Following responses over time shows how host defenses, microbial factors, and treatments interact as disease develops or resolves. Changes in pathogen burden, cytokine production, tissue condition, and survival can indicate whether an immune response is strengthening, failing, or being altered by an intervention. This temporal information also supports identification of immune mechanisms associated with protection.
Protective mechanisms become more apparent when immune activity is evaluated alongside pathogen burden and tissue or organ changes. If a response corresponds with improved control of the pathogen or better survival, investigators can examine it as a possible contributor to protection. These relationships provide context that isolated measurements may not capture and can guide vaccine research.
A study generally begins by introducing a pathogen, antigen, or treatment into a living organism. Investigators then monitor relevant responses over time, selecting observations such as pathogen burden, cytokine production, tissue changes, and survival. Comparing these outcomes across the experimental conditions allows the study to evaluate host responses, disease progression, or treatment effects within an integrated biological setting.
Common outcomes include the amount of pathogen present, cytokine production, changes in tissues, organ responses, and survival. Together, these measures describe both immune activity and its consequences for the organism. Pathogen burden can indicate control of infection, cytokines can reflect immune signaling, and tissue or survival findings can show broader biological effects.
This approach is useful for modeling disease, evaluating vaccines and drugs, and examining how protective immunity develops under physiological conditions. It can also help determine whether findings from earlier experimental systems extend to interactions among host defenses, microbes, tissues, and treatments. For this reason, the results can support translation of experimental findings toward clinical research.