Vlp-bacteria Complexes
Vlp-bacteria Complexes - Related Videos
04:24
An Assay to Quantify the Binding of Human Norovirus VLPs to Intestinal Bacteria
0 Views •
2025
This video demonstrates an assay for quantifying human norovirus virus-like particles (VLPs) binding to human intestinal bacteria. The bacterial suspensions are mixed with the VLPs and incubated to allow the formation of VLP-bacteria complexes. The complexes are then labeled with fluorophore-tagged VLP-specific antibodies, followed by flow cytometry-based visualization and quantification to identify the percentage of VLP-bound bacteria.
11:09
Multiplex Detection of Bacteria in Complex Clinical and Environmental Samples using Oligonucleotide-coupled Fluorescent Microspheres
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Cited by 5 •
2011
We describe a multiplex method for the detection of microorganisms within a sample using oligonucleotide-coupled fluorescent beads. Amplicon from all organisms within a sample is hybridized to a panel of probe-coupled beads. A Luminex or Bio-Plex instrument is used to query each bead for bead type and hybridization signal.
05:46
3D Printing Bacteria to Study Motility and Growth in Complex 3D Porous Media
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Cited by 3 •
2024
This protocol describes a procedure for three-dimensional (3D) printing of bacterial colonies to study their motility and growth in complex 3D porous hydrogel matrices that are more akin to their natural habitats than conventional liquid cultures or Petri dishes.
09:31
Gram Staining of Bacteria from Environmental Sources
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2023
Source: Laboratories of Dr. Ian Pepper and Dr. Charles Gerba - The University of Arizona Demonstrating Author: Luisa Ikner The spectrum of research in environmental microbiology is broad in scope and application potential. Whether the work is bench-scale with known bacterial isolates, or in the field collecting soil or water samples containing unknown bacterial isolates, the ability to quickly and visually discern culturable populations of interest remains of great import to environmental...
10:57
Culturing and Enumerating Bacteria from Soil Samples
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2023
Source: Laboratories of Dr. Ian Pepper and Dr. Charles Gerba - The University of Arizona Demonstrating Authors: Bradley Schmitz and Luisa Ikner Surface soils are a heterogeneous mixture of inorganic and organic particles that combine together to form secondary aggregates. Within and between the aggregates are voids or pores that visually contain both air and water. These conditions create an ideal ecosystem for bacteria, so all soils contain vast populations of bacteria, usually over 1 million...
FAQs
The repetitive capsid structure can organize bacterial antigens in a particle-associated context that is readily encountered by immune cells. This arrangement may promote cellular uptake and improve antigen presentation, linking early innate responses with later adaptive responses. Consequently, the complexes help researchers examine how the physical organization of bacterial material influences immune activation during infection.
Because the virus-like particle lacks a viral genome, it retains structural features relevant to immune recognition without containing viral genetic material. This allows investigators to focus on how the capsid and associated bacterial components shape immune responses. The distinction is particularly useful when studying antigen delivery and bacterial immune recognition without introducing a complete virus.
Bacterial cells or bacterial components provide the infection-relevant material that immune cells recognize and process. Their association with a virus-like particle creates a modular system for examining responses to bacterial structures while using the particle to support uptake and presentation. This combination helps connect bacterial antigen biology with broader mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity.
A modular architecture allows the particle-associated bacterial material to serve as a platform for comparing immune responses to different bacterial structures. Researchers can use this organization to investigate how antigen context relates to uptake, presentation, and immune stimulation. Such comparisons provide context for understanding host-pathogen interactions and for developing targeted approaches to infectious disease.
A basic workflow begins by associating virus-like particles with bacterial cells or selected bacterial components. Researchers then examine how the resulting assemblies are taken up by immune cells, how bacterial antigens are presented, and whether innate or adaptive responses are stimulated. These observations connect complex formation with measurable questions about immune recognition during infection.
Researchers may use these complexes when they want to investigate whether presenting bacterial antigens on a repetitive particle structure improves antigen delivery and immune recognition. The platform supports vaccine-design studies by combining bacterial material with a noninfectious particle scaffold. Findings can help evaluate strategies intended to stimulate relevant innate and adaptive responses against infectious disease.
In host-pathogen research, the complexes provide a controlled way to examine how immune cells respond to bacterial structures presented in association with a virus-like particle. Investigators can compare uptake, antigen presentation, and innate or adaptive stimulation across bacterial components. This information may clarify immune recognition mechanisms and inform strategies for preventing or treating infection.