Donor-specific Tolerance
Donor-specific Tolerance - Related Videos
07:34
Cuff-Free Suture-Based Cervical Model for Secondary Heterotopic Heart Transplantation to Evaluate Donor-Specific Immune Tolerance in Mice
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2026
This protocol presents a cuff-free, suture-based cervical heterotopic heart transplantation technique in mice, designed to enable the reliable placement of a second heterotopic cardiac graft for evaluating donor-specific immune tolerance under physiological conditions with minimal interference from foreign material.
07:17
Single Port Donor Nephrectomy
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Cited by 5 •
2011
Single port laparoscopic surgery is changing the standard of care in surgical care like nothing since the laparoscopic technique was introduced 20 years ago. We present out technique of single port donor nephrectomy using the Gelpoint device. We have successfully performed this surgery in 100 patients.
01:17
Salinity Tolerance of Alishewanella Species Isolated from Seawall Muddy Water
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2025
Begin with a culture of Alishewanella, a Gram-negative, salt-tolerant bacterium.Next, streak the culture onto agar plates containing increasing concentrations of sodium chloride to simulate varying levels of saline stress.Overlay each plate with a layer of unsolidified medium to prevent oxygen diffusion and maintain the culture in an oxygen-limited environment.Seal and incubate the plates at an optimum temperature to support bacterial growth.During incubation, the bacterium exhibits varying...
08:22
Remotely Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: An Update on Safety and Tolerability
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Cited by 52 •
2017
This manuscript provides an updated remote supervision protocol that enables participation in transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) clinical trials while receiving treatment sessions from home. The protocol has been successfully piloted in both patients with multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease.
11:49
Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation
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Cited by 19 •
2013
We describe a valuable diagnostic assay that could potentially be used to decide the withdrawal of immunosuppression after transplant without elevated risk of graft rejection. The assay uses the principles of Delayed Type Hypersensitivity and provides accurate assessment of both donor specific effector and regulatory immune responses mounted by recipients.
FAQs
The conditions under which donor antigens are presented help determine whether the recipient’s immune system develops regulation rather than rejection. Tolerance-promoting presentation can drive several complementary outcomes, including deletion of donor-reactive T cells, functional anergy in which responsive cells become inactive, regulatory T-cell activity, or mixed hematopoietic chimerism. These mechanisms help preserve donor acceptance while maintaining responses to other foreign antigens.
T-cell deletion and functional anergy reduce the activity of immune cells that could attack donor material, but they represent different regulatory outcomes. Deletion removes donor-reactive cells, whereas anergy leaves them present but functionally inactive. Their contribution is important because donor-specific tolerance seeks to control reactions directed at one donor without broadly suppressing immunity against unrelated foreign antigens.
Regulatory T-cell activity provides an immune-regulating mechanism that can support selective acceptance of donor cells, tissues, or organs. Rather than relying only on eliminating or silencing donor-reactive cells, this pathway promotes control of the response through regulation. Its importance lies in helping transplantation strategies pursue graft acceptance while preserving broader immune responsiveness and potentially reducing dependence on broadly acting immunosuppressive drugs.
Broad immunosuppression acts across the immune system, whereas donor-specific tolerance aims to focus immune control on antigens from a particular donor. This distinction matters clinically because generalized suppression can create treatment-related complications, while selective tolerance is intended to reduce those effects. In transplantation medicine, the approach therefore supports more precise immune management rather than continuous, nonspecific suppression alone.
The approach is relevant whenever donor cells, tissues, or organs must remain accepted by a recipient, including organ and cell transplantation. Its central application is to reduce graft rejection while limiting the need for lifelong, broadly acting immunosuppressive drugs. By focusing immune regulation on donor antigens, transplantation strategies may improve graft survival and support more precise long-term treatment.
Key outcomes include reduced graft rejection, improved graft survival, and decreased treatment-related complications associated with lifelong broad immunosuppression. Researchers also seek therapies that regulate responses to donor antigens without eliminating responses to other foreign antigens. In this context, donor-specific tolerance serves as a framework for designing more precise approaches to organ and cell transplantation.