Gastrointestinal Transit
Gastrointestinal Transit - Related Videos
02:31
Phase Transitions
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2020
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to occupy...
08:15
Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor (GIMM)
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Cited by 36 •
2010
Evaluation of colonic motility in the guinea pig distal colon with the Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor (GIMM) is a straightforward and simple to learn approach to quantitatively evaluate propulsive motility in the gastrointestinal tract.
01:58
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions
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2020
Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
02:58
Properties of Transition Metals
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2020
Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals. Figure 1: Periodic Table. The transition metals are located in groups 3–11 of the periodic table. The inner transition metals are in the two rows...
02:39
Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation
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2020
The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
FAQs
Peristalsis primarily propels luminal contents along the digestive tract, whereas segmentation mixes those contents within the lumen. Their coordinated activity supports two related needs: moving material forward and exposing it to digestive processes that enable nutrient absorption. Evaluating transit therefore requires attention not only to overall progression but also to how effectively contractions coordinate propulsion and mixing.
Sphincters help regulate the passage of luminal contents between regions of the digestive tract. Their activity works with smooth-muscle contractions to organize movement rather than allowing unrestricted flow. This coordination contributes to orderly digestion, absorption, and elimination, while altered sphincter control could influence how transit patterns are interpreted when investigating gastrointestinal motility disorders.
Gastrointestinal motility reflects the interaction of local and broader regulatory systems. The enteric nervous system coordinates activity within the digestive tract, while autonomic inputs and hormones provide additional regulation. Because several control pathways contribute to the same motor process, abnormal transit may reflect disturbed regulation as well as changes in smooth-muscle contraction, making this network relevant to medical assessment.
Transit measurements provide an overall picture of how ingested material progresses through the digestive tract. In medicine, clinicians can use this information to evaluate motility disorders, including gastroparesis, constipation, and intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The findings help clarify whether digestive movement is altered and can contribute to selecting treatments aimed at managing abnormal gastrointestinal motility.
Transit measurements are useful when clinicians or researchers need to determine how a medical condition, surgical intervention, or medication has changed digestive movement. Comparing transit patterns in these contexts can reveal effects on gastrointestinal function that may not be apparent from symptoms alone. This information supports clinical evaluation and helps guide decisions about therapies that modify motility.
Measuring transit gives researchers an outcome for studying how treatments influence digestive movement. This is relevant to developing drugs that modify gastrointestinal motility and to evaluating whether a therapy addresses altered transit associated with conditions such as gastroparesis or constipation. In this way, transit assessment connects physiological investigation with treatment selection and medication development in medicine.