Paracentral Disc Herniation
Paracentral Disc Herniation - Related Videos
02:14
Full Endoscopic Interlaminar Approach for Paracentral L5-S1 Disc Herniation
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2023
Here, we present a protocol to describe the full endoscopic interlaminar approach (FEILA) technique, including every cutoff step required to reach technical proficiency. FEILA is a surgery with a relatively steep learning adaptation. Despite this, any surgeon capable of microdiscectomy can perform FEILA with enough practice and suitable patient selection.
02:51
Full-Endoscopic Isolation Zone Technique for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation
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2025
Source: Wang, L., et.al. Full-Endoscopic Isolation Zone Technique for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation. J. Vis. Exp.(2023)This video demonstrates a minimally invasive endoscopic procedure to treat lumbar disc herniation by removing the protruded nucleus pulposus and ruptured annulus fibrosus. The technique decompresses the affected nerve root, alleviates pain, and restores nerve function through targeted tissue resection and radiofrequency modulation.
05:42
Full-Endoscopic Isolation Zone Technique for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation
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Cited by 1 •
2023
Here, we present a protocol for the "isolation zone" technique in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) under full-endoscopic spine surgery (FESS), including intervertebral foramen formation, targeted catheterization, nucleus pulposus resection, and annulus fibrosus formation, which together completely block the pain from the nerve conduction pathway.
14:33
Generation, Purification, and Characterization of Cell-invasive DISC1 Protein Species
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Cited by 13 •
2012
The generation, purification and cell invasion of intracellular, cytoplasmic full length DISC1 protein aggresomes from cell cultures and of a labeled, multimeric recombinant DISC1 protein fragment in E. coli are described. Cell invasiveness is shown for recipient cells in cell culture and for neurons in vivo after stereotactical brain inoculation.
01:29
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction
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2026
Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
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Its position just lateral to the spinal canal’s midline places displaced disc material near neural structures rather than only within the disc space. The specific relationship to a nerve root helps determine whether symptoms remain localized to the back or extend into a limb. MRI is used to assess this anatomical relationship alongside the clinical examination.
Symptoms can arise through two related processes: structural pressure from protruding nucleus pulposus and local inflammation affecting nearby neural tissue. Weakening or tearing of the annulus fibrosus permits the internal disc material to move beyond its normal containment. Together, compression and inflammation can produce back pain, radiating symptoms, or both.
The key factor is the herniation’s anatomical relationship to nearby neural tissue. A protrusion that lies close to a nerve root may produce radiating limb symptoms, while another may cause mainly localized back pain. Clinicians compare the symptom pattern and neurologic examination with MRI findings to determine whether the imaging abnormality is clinically relevant.
Evaluation begins with the reported pattern of pain and other symptoms, followed by a neurologic examination. These findings are then considered with magnetic resonance imaging, which shows the herniation and its relationship to the spinal cord or nerve roots. Combining structural imaging with clinical findings helps guide treatment rather than relying on either source alone.
Magnetic resonance imaging provides anatomical information that symptoms and examination cannot show directly. It identifies the disc herniation and clarifies whether it lies near the spinal cord or a nerve root. This relationship helps clinicians interpret radiating symptoms and determine whether conservative management, continued observation, or further intervention is appropriate.
Management may begin with activity modification and medication, with physical therapy also used as part of nonsurgical care. Surgery becomes a consideration when neurologic deficits develop or symptoms persist despite initial treatment. The choice depends on the clinical picture, including symptom severity, examination findings, and the herniation’s demonstrated relationship to neural tissue.