Cross-modal Plasticity
Cross-modal Plasticity - Related Videos
00:58
Plasticity
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2023
Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
01:31
Plasticizers
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2024
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas. Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
10:12
Extraction of Organochlorine Pesticides from Plastic Pellets and Plastic Type Analysis
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Cited by 10 •
2017
Microplastics act as vector of potentially toxic organic contaminants with unpredictable effects. This protocol describes an alternative methodology for assessing the levels of organochlorine pesticides adsorbed on plastic pellets and identifying the polymer chemical structure. The focus is on pressurized fluid extraction and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
01:21
Plastic Behavior
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2024
A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and reloaded.
01:14
Plastic Deformations
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2024
It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
FAQs
Unmasking allows neural pathways that were present but weakly expressed to contribute more visibly to processing from another sense. When sensory input changes, these connections may become functionally important without requiring entirely new circuitry. This mechanism helps explain how altered sensory experience can rapidly influence cortical activity and support continued processing when a usual input is reduced.
Strengthening remaining pathways can increase the contribution of neural circuits that continue receiving effective sensory input. Through changes in synaptic activity, these circuits may support processing that was previously less prominent. The principle is important because it links sensory adaptation to the preservation or improvement of function after sensory loss or other changes in experience.
Experience-dependent changes in synaptic activity can modify cortical representations, meaning the neural patterns associated with processing sensory information. Repeated or altered input may influence which circuits respond and how strongly they participate. This provides a mechanism for studying learning and development, while also explaining why sensory reorganization is shaped by an individual’s ongoing interaction with the environment.
The concept highlights that sensory systems do not operate as completely isolated channels. Research can examine how input associated with vision, hearing, or touch recruits and influences processing in circuits linked to another modality. This perspective helps neuroscience investigate sensory interaction as well as the ways the brain adjusts when one source of information changes.
Neuroscience research uses cross-modal plasticity as a framework for examining how sensory processing changes after sensory loss or altered experience. Investigators can focus on the recruitment of other modality-related circuits, the strengthening of remaining pathways, and experience-dependent changes in cortical representations. These outcomes connect cellular or circuit-level reorganization with broader questions about function, learning, and recovery.
Sensory-substitution technologies are informed by the possibility that information associated with one modality can engage circuits typically linked to another. This principle guides research into ways altered sensory input may be represented by the brain. The resulting work connects neural plasticity with technology design and with efforts to support access to information when a usual sensory channel is unavailable.