Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder - Related Videos
01:27
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
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2025
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium. Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events, are a...
03:15
Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Alleviate Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
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2025
Source: Tendler, A., et al. How to Use the H1 Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil for Conditions Other than Depression. J. Vis. Exp. (2017)This video demonstrates the use of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) to alleviate symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD. It begins by identifying reduced activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) as a key factor contributing to the overactivation of the amygdala and heightened fear responses. By applying targeted...
05:49
Stress-Enhanced Fear Learning, a Robust Rodent Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
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Cited by 44 •
2018
Here we describe the detailed methodology required to conduct stress-enhanced fear learning (SEFL) experiments, a preclinical model of post-traumatic stress disorder, in both rats and mice. The model utilizes aspects of Pavlovian fear conditioning and freezing as an index of enhanced fear in rodents.
10:17
An Introduction to Modeling Behavioral Disorders and Stress
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2023
Recently, it has been discovered that behavioral conditions such as, depression, anxiety and stress-response have a neurological basis. Understanding the biological underpinnings of these conditions may help scientists in developing more effective therapies to treat these disorders. Typically, rodent models are used in this field and behavioral scientists create these models using interventions like drug administration or surgery. It is important to understand how to create and evaluate rodent...
01:47
Technique to Induce Post-Traumatic Seizures in a Mouse Model via a Weight Drop Traumatic Injury
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2025
Source: Shandra, O. et al., Inducing Post-Traumatic Epilepsy in a Mouse Model of Repetitive Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury. J. Vis. Exp.
FAQs
The amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex contribute different functions that must work together to regulate responses to danger. The amygdala is linked with threat responding, the hippocampus with contextual memory, and the prefrontal cortex with fear regulation. When communication among these regions is altered, threat reactions, memory for context, and emotional control can become persistently disrupted.
Contextual memory helps distinguish a current situation from the circumstances surrounding a past trauma. In PTSD, disruption of hippocampal involvement may weaken that distinction, while altered communication with threat and regulatory regions can sustain fear-related responses. Studying this relationship helps neuroscience explain how memory processes contribute to ongoing symptoms and why emotional reactions may not match present conditions.
Stress-hormone signaling can influence brain circuits involved in emotion, memory, and fear regulation. Because these signals interact with the systems connecting the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex, they provide a molecular context for altered communication among those regions. Examining this relationship may help explain differences in vulnerability and symptom persistence while connecting molecular findings with neural changes.
Neuroscience studies combine neuroimaging, psychophysiology, and molecular approaches because each addresses a different level of PTSD. Neuroimaging examines brain-related patterns, psychophysiology captures physiological aspects of responses, and molecular studies investigate stress-related biological signaling. Together, these methods provide complementary evidence about why some individuals develop symptoms and how brain and biological patterns change over time.
Researchers can apply neuroimaging, psychophysiology, and molecular studies to examine symptom-related brain and biological patterns at different points. Comparing findings over time helps investigate whether altered communication, stress-hormone signaling, and fear regulation change alongside symptoms. This time-based perspective is relevant to understanding symptom persistence and to determining how these patterns relate to changes associated with treatment.
Neuroscience findings connect PTSD symptoms with changes in brain communication, contextual memory, fear regulation, and stress-hormone signaling. This biological context supports improved assessment by clarifying mechanisms that may contribute to symptoms and individual vulnerability. It also informs treatment research, including trauma-focused psychotherapy and medications that target stress and emotional regulation, while helping explain how symptoms may change over time.