Quadrupole Mass Separator
Quadrupole Mass Separator - Related Videos
08:10
Fizzy Extraction of Volatile Organic Compounds Combined with Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry
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Cited by 16 •
2017
Fizzy extraction is a new laboratory technique for analysis of volatile and semivolatile compounds. A carrier gas is dissolved in the liquid sample by applying overpressure and stirring the sample. The sample chamber is then decompressed. The analyte species are liberated to the gas phase due to effervescence.
13:45
Introduction to Mass Spectrometry
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Dr. Khuloud Al-Jamal - King's College London Mass spectrometry is an analytical chemistry technique that enables the identification of unknown compounds within a sample, the quantification of known materials, the determination of the structure, and chemical properties of different molecules. A mass spectrometer is composed of an ionization source, an analyzer, and a detector. The process involves the ionization of chemical compounds to generate ions. When using...
07:09
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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2023
In tandem mass spectrometry a biomolecule of interest is isolated from a biological sample, and then fragmented into multiple subunits in order to help elucidate its composition and sequence. This is accomplished by having mass spectrometers in series. The first spectrometer ionizes a sample and filter ions of a specific mass to charge ratio. Filtered ions are then fragmented and passed to a second mass spectrometer where the fragments are analyzed. This video introduces the principles of...
04:19
An Improved Technique for Trimethylamine Detection in Animal-Derived Medicine by Headspace Gas Chromatography-Tandem Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry
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Cited by 2 •
2023
Here, a headspace gas chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS/MS) method suitable for the determination of trimethylamine (TMA) in animal-derived medicines is described. The protocol includes sample pretreatment, headspace treatment, analysis conditions, methodological validation, and the determination of TMA in animal-derived medicines.
07:29
Separating Protein with SDS-PAGE
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2023
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Poly-Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, or SDS-PAGE, is a widely-used technique for separating mixtures of proteins based on their size and nothing else. SDS, an anionic detergent, is used to produce an even charge across the length of proteins that have been linearized. By first loading them into a gel made of polyacrylamide and then applying an electric field to the gel, SDS-coated proteins are then separated. The electric field acts as the driving force, drawing the SDS...
FAQs
The four parallel rods establish an electric field whose strength varies through the combined radio-frequency and direct-current voltages. This field governs whether an ion remains confined to a stable path along the rod axis. Because stability depends on mass-to-charge ratio, the same electrode arrangement can transmit one ion population while rejecting others under selected operating conditions.
Ion transmission depends on the particular combination of radio-frequency and direct-current voltage settings. Those settings define the stability conditions for trajectories inside the rod assembly, so ions with different mass-to-charge ratios respond differently. Adjusting the voltages therefore changes the range of ions that can maintain stable motion and reach the instrument output.
Ions outside the selected stability condition do not continue on a usable path through the separator. Their trajectories become unstable, causing them to be excluded rather than transmitted. This instability is the basis of the instrument's filtering action: it converts differences in mass-to-charge ratio into differences in whether ions successfully traverse the four-rod region.
Changing the applied voltages shifts the mass-to-charge ratio associated with stable transmission. Rapidly scanning these settings allows the instrument to examine different ion populations in succession instead of operating at only one selected condition. This controllability supports mass analysis and helps analytical systems survey composition across a range of ions.
A practical measurement selects operating voltages that favor stable transmission for the mass-to-charge ratio of interest, then changes those settings when other ion populations must be examined. By relating the selected voltage conditions to the ions transmitted, an analytical system can distinguish components according to mass-to-charge ratio. Rapid scanning is useful when many values must be assessed.
They serve as key components in mass spectrometers and other analytical systems. Their selective transmission supports residual-gas monitoring, isotope measurement, and chemical identification. The same filtering principle is useful whenever an experiment must separate ion populations by mass-to-charge ratio rather than treat all ions as a single undifferentiated signal.
The four-rod arrangement combines selective ion filtering with a compact instrument design. Its voltage-controlled operation also permits rapid scanning, allowing measurements to examine changing mass-to-charge conditions efficiently. In physics, these features support isotope-related measurements and residual-gas monitoring, while the broader analytical context extends the method to chemistry and engineering.