Cell Size Separation
Cell Size Separation - Related Videos
04:21
Microfluidic Capillary Electrophoresis for Fragment Sizing of PCR Products: A Microchip-Based Electrophoretic Separation Technique to Separate DNA Fragments Based on Size
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2025
This video describes the microfluidic capillary electrophoresis technique to separate PCR amplicons based on their size. This technique helps in fragment sizing using fluorescent dyes and standard molecular size markers.
04:51
Size Exclusion Chromatography Based Separation of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles: A Technique to Separate Heterogenous Population of Gram-Negative Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Based on Their Size
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2025
In this video, we demonstrate a technique–size exclusion chromatography–to separate a heterogenous population of outer membrane vesicles or OMVs derived from bacteria. These vesicles are nanosized spherical structures and are separated into large and small subpopulations based on their size through Size Exclusion Chromatography.
10:46
Size Exclusion Chromatography for Separating Extracellular Vesicles from Conditioned Cell Culture Media
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Cited by 5 •
2022
The protocol here demonstrates that extracellular vesicles can be adequately separated from conditioned cell culture media using size exclusion chromatography.
10:24
Separation of the Cell Envelope for Gram-negative Bacteria into Inner and Outer Membrane Fractions with Technical Adjustments for Acinetobacter baumannii
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Cited by 33 •
2020
Gram-negative bacteria produce two spatially segregated membranes. The outer membrane is partitioned from the inner membrane by a periplasm and a peptidoglycan layer. The ability to isolate the dual bilayers of these microbes has been critical for understanding their physiology and pathogenesis.
09:48
Separation of Spermatogenic Cell Types Using STA-PUT Velocity Sedimentation
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Cited by 111 •
2013
The STA-PUT method allows for the separation of different populations of spermatogenic cells based on size and density.
FAQs
Size-exclusion filters use openings or barriers that permit some particles to pass while retaining others according to physical dimensions. Cell diameter becomes the key variable, so the resulting fraction can contain a more uniform size range than the starting sample. This approach is especially useful when researchers need to remove debris or noncellular material before microscopy, culture, or molecular assays.
Differential centrifugation separates sample components through differences in how they sediment, with cell dimensions contributing to their behavior during the process. The resulting fractions depend on the relationship between particle size and the centrifugation conditions applied. Researchers can therefore use sequential separation steps to reduce sample complexity, although the method separates according to physical behavior rather than immune-cell identity.
Microfluidic separation directs cells through small channels where diameter and flow conditions influence whether cells follow distinct paths. Unlike size-exclusion filtration, which depends on passage through a barrier, or differential centrifugation, which relies on sedimentation, microfluidics separates cells while they move through a controlled flow environment. These distinct mechanisms give researchers alternative ways to obtain size-enriched fractions.
Cell diameter determines how a cell interacts with the dimensions and flow pattern of a microfluidic channel. Changes in flow conditions can alter the paths available to cells of different sizes, affecting which fractions are collected. Controlling these variables helps researchers enrich samples by physical dimensions and can improve the consistency of material prepared for downstream immunology or infection studies.
A basic workflow begins with a heterogeneous cell sample, followed by selection of a size-dependent method such as filtration, differential centrifugation, or microfluidic processing. The separated fractions are then collected and prepared for an intended analysis, including microscopy, culture, or molecular assays. Researchers evaluate the resulting populations by considering whether unwanted debris or noncellular material has been reduced.
In immunology and infection studies, size-based processing can enrich immune-cell populations or remove debris and noncellular material from complex samples. This preparation supports clearer microscopy, culture, and molecular measurements by reducing competing material. It can also help researchers examine cellular responses and pathogen-associated changes with less sample complexity, while recognizing that physical size does not alone identify a cell type.