Intracellular Pathogen
Intracellular Pathogen - Related Videos
10:39
Single Cell Measurements of Vacuolar Rupture Caused by Intracellular Pathogens
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Cited by 22 •
2013
We describe a method for tracking the endomembrane rupture elicited by the intracellular bacteria Shigella flexneri and Mycobacterium tuberculosis upon host cell invasion. Our assay makes use of CCF4, a host cytoplasmic FRET probe in live or fixed cells. This reporter is degraded by an enzyme activity present on the bacterial surface.
11:18
Infection of Zebrafish Embryos with Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens
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Cited by 234 •
2012
Transparent zebrafish embryos have proved useful model hosts to visualize and functionally study interactions between innate immune cells and intracellular bacterial pathogens, such as Salmonella typhimurium and Mycobacterium marinum. Micro-injection of bacteria and multi-color fluorescence imaging are essential techniques involved in the application of zebrafish embryo infection models.
09:04
Discovery of New Intracellular Pathogens by Amoebal Coculture and Amoebal Enrichment Approaches
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Cited by 37 •
2013
Amoebal coculture is a cell culture system using adherent amoebae to selectively grow intracellular pathogens able to resist phagocytic cells such as amoebae and macrophages. It thus represents a key tool to discover new infectious agents. Amoebal enrichment allows discovery of new amoebal species and of their specific intracellular bacteria.
03:41
Isolation of Intracellular Pathogenic Bacteria from Infected Host Cells
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2026
Source: Sigal, N., et al. RNA Purification from Intracellularly Grown Listeria monocytogenes in Macrophage Cells. J. Vis. Exp. (2016).This video demonstrates the isolation of internalized pathogenic bacteria from infected bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Bacteria are allowed to attach to host cells, and unattached bacteria are washed away. After internalization, an antibiotic is added to eliminate non-internalized bacteria. The host cells are lysed, centrifuged, and the supernatant is...
01:30
Immunohistological Detection of Pathogens in Brain Tissue
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2025
Wash to remove the paraffin, then rehydrate the tissue using decreasing alcohol concentrations.
FAQs
Once inside a host cell, an intracellular pathogen occupies a site that antibodies and other extracellular immune components may not readily reach. Its survival therefore depends partly on remaining protected from extracellular defenses while altering the intracellular environment. This helps explain why infection research examines both cellular entry and the immune mechanisms that detect or eliminate infected cells.
Phagocytosis and receptor-mediated uptake place invading microorganisms inside host cells through different cellular processes. After entry, the pathogen can influence vesicle trafficking, host signaling, metabolism, or cell-death pathways. These interactions determine whether the intracellular setting supports survival and replication, making entry biology an important starting point for understanding infection outcomes.
Some intracellular pathogens remain in the cytoplasm, whereas others persist within specialized cellular compartments. This difference identifies distinct environments in which the microorganism must survive and manipulate the host. It also provides a framework for studying how cellular location influences immune recognition, persistence, and the success or failure of antimicrobial treatment.
Host signaling, vesicle trafficking, metabolism, and cell death can all be manipulated to create conditions favorable for intracellular replication. These processes regulate the cell environment rather than acting as isolated pathogen traits. Examining their alteration helps researchers connect molecular events inside infected cells with broader outcomes such as persistence, immune evasion, and ongoing infection.
Researchers study these infections to determine how innate and adaptive immune responses detect infected cells and how microorganisms establish persistent infections. The resulting knowledge links cellular mechanisms with disease behavior. It can guide investigations of why particular antimicrobial treatments succeed or fail and support the development of vaccines, diagnostic strategies, and targeted therapies.
Research findings can inform several practical areas, including vaccine development, diagnostic strategies, and targeted therapies. Understanding cellular persistence and immune detection may clarify which features of an infection should be measured or targeted. The same knowledge also helps explain variable antimicrobial treatment outcomes, connecting basic studies of host-pathogen interactions with intervention design.