Know Your Compass

A compass is a tool for finding directions. It uses the Earth’s magnetic field, which acts like a giant magnet. The compass needle aligns with Earth’s magnetic field, always pointing toward magnetic north.

Some compasses are mounted on a flat, transparent base with markings that help users measure distances and align directions on a map. These markings, called scales, match different map measurements.

To use a compass, hold it flat and steady. The needle will settle in one direction, pointing to magnetic north.

An arrow on the base shows the direction of travel. By rotating the dial or bezel, you can set a bearing, a degree measurement that helps you stay on course.

Many compasses have extra features, such as a magnifier for reading small map details, declination marks to adjust the difference between magnetic and true north, and orienting lines to help with alignment.

When using a compass with a map, align it by placing it flat, turning the bezel to match the map’s grid, and following the needle’s bearing.