Hla-dr Expression
Hla-dr Expression - Related Videos
08:07
Personalized Peptide Arrays for Detection of HLA Alloantibodies in Organ Transplantation
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Cited by 2 •
2017
Mismatches in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) sequences between organ donor and recipient pairs are the major cause of antibody-mediated rejection in organ transplantation. Here we present the use of custom antigen arrays that are based on individual donors' HLA sequences to probe anti-donor HLA alloantibodies in organ recipients.
10:37
Analysis of HBV-Specific CD4 T-cell Responses and Identification of HLA-DR-Restricted CD4 T-Cell Epitopes Based on a Peptide Matrix
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Cited by 2 •
2021
Based on a hepatitis B virus (HBV)-derived peptide matrix, HBV-specific CD4 T-cell responses could be evaluated in parallel with identification of HBV-specific CD4 T-cell epitopes.
03:15
A Peptide Array-Based Detection of Anti-donor HLA Alloantibodies in Organ Recipients
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2025
This video demonstrates an assay to detect anti-donor HLA alloantibodies in organ recipients. A peptide array is synthesized to represent potential epitopes for antibody-mediated organ rejection. The array is incubated with the recipient's serum, containing alloantibodies that bind to their target epitopes. Antibody binding is detected using chemiluminescence to identify donor-specific HLA epitopes that incite alloantibody reactivity.
07:18
HLA-Ig Based Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells for Efficient ex vivo Expansion of Human CTL
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Cited by 17 •
2011
A new DC independent method for induction and expansion of antigen-specific T cells is described. HLA A2-Ig based artificial Antigen Presenting Cells (aAPC) are loaded with HLA-A2 restricted peptides to efficiently expand CTL of diverse antigen specificity. This technology holds great potential for CTL-based adoptive immunotherapy.
10:34
Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
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Cited by 2 •
2010
This procedure describes a quick and easy workflow to introduce siRNA into difficult to transfect cell lines and follow gene expression by real-time PCR. Use of an automated cell counter, multi-well electroporation plate, and automated electrophoresis station provide quick and reliable results without the need for expensive robotic handling.
FAQs
HLA-DR contributes to immune recognition by displaying peptide antigens at the cell surface for inspection by CD4+ T cells. The measured level therefore provides information about a cell’s capacity to participate in antigen presentation, rather than simply indicating that the cell belongs to one particular lineage. This connection makes HLA-DR relevant to studies of immune activation and inflammation.
Interferon-gamma can induce HLA-DR expression on cell types that do not typically display it at baseline. Consequently, increased expression may reflect an inflammatory environment and cytokine-driven cellular change, not only the presence of professional antigen-presenting cells. Interpreting the result requires attention to both the cell type being examined and the biological conditions surrounding the measurement.
Dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells typically express HLA-DR as part of their antigen-presenting function. Other cell types may acquire expression when exposed to inflammatory signals such as interferon-gamma. This distinction helps investigators separate characteristic antigen-presenting-cell patterns from inflammation-associated induction when comparing samples or interpreting changes in immune-cell phenotype.
Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and molecular assays provide complementary ways to examine HLA-DR expression. Flow cytometry supports analysis of expression among individual cells, immunohistochemistry preserves information about expression within tissue samples, and molecular assays provide a molecular-level measurement. The appropriate choice depends on whether the study emphasizes cell populations, tissue localization, or molecular regulation.
The choice should follow the biological question and the sample type. Flow cytometry is suited to characterizing immune-cell populations, whereas immunohistochemistry is useful when tissue context matters. Molecular assays offer another route for assessing regulation at the molecular level. Using these approaches to address different aspects of the same question can broaden interpretation of immune activation or inflammation.
HLA-DR expression is relevant across infection research, autoimmune disease, cancer immunology, and transplantation studies. In each setting, investigators can use it to examine antigen-presentation patterns, immune-cell activation, or inflammatory states. Its interpretation is context dependent, because expression may reflect typical activity of professional antigen-presenting cells or induction associated with cytokine-driven inflammation.