Radioactive Probe Hybridization
Radioactive Probe Hybridization - Related Videos
17:38
Radioactive in situ Hybridization for Detecting Diverse Gene Expression Patterns in Tissue
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Cited by 21 •
2012
This protocol is successfully used to quantitatively detect levels and spatial patterns of mRNA expression in multiple tissue types across vertebrate species. The method can detect low abundance transcripts and allows processing of hundreds of slides simultaneously. We present this protocol using expression profiling of avian embryonic brain formation as an example.
11:56
Non-radioactive in situ Hybridization Protocol Applicable for Norway Spruce and a Range of Plant Species
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Cited by 32 •
2009
We describe a modified DIG in situ hybridization protocol, which is fast and applicable on a wide range of plant species including Norway spruce. With just a few adjustments, including altered RNase treatment and proteinase K concentration, the protocol may be used in studies of different tissues and species.
03:26
Probe Hybridization and Signal Amplification in RNA In Situ Hybridization: A Technique for Detecting Specific RNA Sequences in Tissue Sections
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2023
This video describes a sequential hybridization strategy that involves hybridizing mRNA probes to specific target mRNA. Following probe hybridization, signal amplification is performed to enhance resolution via reduction of signal-to-noise ratio during RNA-CISH of histological samples.
06:08
In Situ Hybridization Using Oligonucleotide Probes to Study RNA Expression in Rat Brain Sections
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2025
This video demonstrates the detection of serotonin receptor RNA synthesis using oligonucleotide probes in rat brain tissue affected by serotonin syndrome. The protocol includes tissue pretreatment, probe hybridization, and enzymatic detection to visualize and quantify serotonin receptor RNA expression under a microscope.
03:18
Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations
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2020
Nuclear chemistry is the study of reactions that involve changes in nuclear structure. The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and, except for hydrogen, neutrons. The number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number (Z) of the element, and the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons is the mass number (A). Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are isotopes of the same element. A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...
FAQs
Hybridization conditions allow the labeled probe to pair with a complementary DNA or RNA sequence, while subsequent washing removes probe that has not remained bound to its target. Together, these stages determine how specifically the assay distinguishes matching sequences from unrelated material. Controlled conditions therefore affect the reliability of the visible and measurable signal.
Complementary base pairing directs the radioactive probe toward a particular DNA or RNA sequence rather than the entire sample. A signal becomes meaningful when the probe remains associated with the matching target after washing. This sequence-dependent recognition enables investigators to identify selected genes or transcripts within complex biological material.
The radioactive isotope converts probe binding into a detectable signal. After hybridization and washing, the sample or membrane is exposed to X-ray film or analyzed with a phosphor imaging system. These readouts reveal where the probe has bound and can support measurements of sequence presence or relative abundance.
Direct examination of a sample does not by itself identify one selected sequence within that material. Radioactive probe hybridization adds sequence-specific recognition through a complementary probe, followed by signal detection after washing. This combination allows researchers to localize, identify, or measure a target sequence instead of treating all nucleic acids as equivalent.
A typical workflow begins with a DNA or RNA sample and a radioactive probe designed to recognize the sequence of interest. The probe is allowed to hybridize under controlled conditions, followed by washing to remove unbound or inadequately retained probe. The prepared sample or membrane is then exposed to X-ray film or a phosphor imaging system for detection.
Researchers can apply the method to locate genes, identify transcripts, confirm recombinant DNA constructs, or estimate sequence abundance. Its value comes from linking a specific nucleic-acid sequence to a detectable signal. In biology, these uses support genome mapping, gene expression studies, and diagnostic research when sequence-specific evidence is required.
A detected signal can show whether the probe found a complementary target and where that target is positioned in the analyzed material. Signal measurements can also contribute to sequence-abundance estimates. Consequently, the assay provides both identification and spatial or quantitative information relevant to genomic organization and gene expression.
In recombinant DNA studies, probe binding can help confirm that a construct contains the intended sequence. The result is not based only on the presence of sample material, but on recognition by a complementary labeled probe. This makes the technique useful for verifying construct identity alongside broader applications in gene localization and transcript analysis.