Virtual Serial Sections
Virtual Serial Sections - Related Videos
09:46
A Method for Obtaining Serial Ultrathin Sections of Microorganisms in Transmission Electron Microscopy
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Cited by 15 •
2018
This study presents reliable and easy procedures for obtaining serial ultrathin sections of a microorganism without expensive equipment in transmission electron microscopy.
10:53
Serial Dilutions and Plating: Microbial Enumeration
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2023
Source: Jonathan F. Blaize1, Elizabeth Suter1, and Christopher P. Corbo1 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Wagner College, 1 Campus Road, Staten Island NY, 10301 Quantitative assessment of prokaryotes can be onerous given their abundance, propensity for exponential proliferation, species diversity within a population, and specific physiological needs. Compounding this challenge, is the four-phase nature in which bacteria replicate (lag, log, stationary and death). The ability to accurately...
11:19
Multimodal Hierarchical Imaging of Serial Sections for Finding Specific Cellular Targets within Large Volumes
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Cited by 12 •
2018
This protocol targets specific cells in tissue for imaging at nanoscale resolution using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Large numbers of serial sections from resin-embedded biological material are first imaged in a light microscope to identify the target and then in a hierarchical manner in the SEM.
01:03
Serial Position Effect
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2025
The serial position effect is a cognitive phenomenon where individuals are more likely to recall the first and last items in a list compared to those in the middle. This effect is divided into the primacy effect and the recency effect. The primacy effect is observed when the initial items in a list are remembered better. This occurs because these items are rehearsed more frequently or receive more elaborative processing, allowing them to be encoded into long-term memory more effectively. For...
01:20
Virtual Work
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2023
The principle of virtual work states that if a body is in static and dynamic equilibrium, then the sum of all the virtual work done by all external forces and couple moments for any given virtual displacement must be zero. In static equilibrium, a body can experience an imaginary or virtual movement, such as displacement or rotation. The virtual work done by a force is equal to the dot product of force and virtual displacement in the direction of the force. When it comes to virtually rotating a...
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Alignment places image planes from successive depths into a consistent spatial arrangement. Without this step, the apparent position of a cell, vessel, or tissue boundary could shift between views, making depth tracing unreliable. Properly aligned planes allow researchers to follow structures continuously and preserve their relationships during three-dimensional reconstruction and morphological analysis.
Each successive image represents another depth within the same specimen or image volume. Viewing these planes in sequence lets researchers determine how structures continue, branch, or change position through depth rather than interpreting each plane independently. This continuity is especially useful for examining the organization of cells, tissues, vessels, and other anatomically connected features.
A three-dimensional reconstruction reveals morphology across depth, whereas a single section shows only one plane. The broader view helps researchers assess the shape, continuity, and spatial arrangement of complex structures. It also supports measurements and comparisons of structural organization that would be limited when observations remain confined to an individual image plane.
The workflow begins with a stack of images acquired at successive depths. Those planes are then aligned so corresponding structures occupy consistent positions, after which the dataset can be displayed sequentially or reconstructed into a continuous three-dimensional view. This workflow converts depth-resolved image data into a format suitable for tracing, measurement, and digital examination.
Virtual serial sections can be used to follow cells, tissues, vessels, and other structures across depth. Tracing reveals whether a feature persists, changes position, or maintains a spatial connection through the specimen. Such observations help connect local histological appearances with broader three-dimensional anatomy while retaining the relationships present in the original biological sample.
Once the aligned planes are displayed or reconstructed, researchers can perform quantitative measurements on three-dimensional morphology and structural organization. The method therefore extends analysis beyond visual inspection of individual images, allowing features to be assessed across depth and compared between specimens. These measurements can help characterize structural changes while maintaining their spatial context.
They are valuable when researchers need to examine internal anatomy without destroying the specimen, analyze complex histological organization, or compare structural changes across specimens. The resulting datasets can also be shared digitally, supporting collaborative examination and consistent access to the same image volume. These capabilities make the approach useful for morphology, histology, and comparative biological studies.