Spheroid Viability
Spheroid Viability - Related Videos
03:20
Splitting Spheroids for Sub-culturing and Shipping: A Procedure for Propagating and Transferring Spheroids from Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumor
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2023
This video demonstrates a strategy to split and propagate spheroids developed from small bowel neuroendocrine tumor cells. These spheroids have small bowel neuroendocrine tumor markers and can be propagated and further used to test anti-cancer drugs.
10:33
Assessing Cell Viability and Death in 3D Spheroid Cultures of Cancer Cells
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Cited by 34 •
2019
Here, we present several simple methods for evaluating viability and death in 3D cancer cell spheroids, which mimic the physico-chemical gradients of in vivo tumors much better than the 2D culture. The spheroid model, therefore, allows evaluation of the cancer drug efficacy with improved translation to in vivo conditions.
01:32
Three-Dimensional Culture Systems: Spheroids and Organoids
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2026
Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems, including spheroids and organoids, support New Approach Methodology (NAM)-aligned research by providing more physiologically relevant models than conventional two-dimensional cell cultures. Because they more closely resemble the structure and cellular interactions of tissues and organs, these systems can provide physiologically relevant data before advancing to animal studies. Spheroids as Disease and Drug Screening Models Spheroids are generated when one...
03:18
Generation of a Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model of Tumor Cell Invasion
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2025
Source: Guyon, J., et al. A 3D Spheroid Model for Glioblastoma. J. Vis. Exp. (2020)The video demonstrates the generation of a three-dimensional spheroid model of tumor cell invasion. Spheroids are formed from human brain tumor cells and embedded in a collagen matrix. The tumor cells at the spheroid periphery adopt an invasive phenotype, secreting proteases to degrade the collagen and advancing to invade the surrounding matrix.
04:29
Immunofluorescent Staining of Spheroids: A Technique to Analyze Spheroids for Expression of Intra- and Extracellular Antigen Expression
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2023
This video describes the technique of immunofluorescent staining of spheroids to understand the differentiation of the fibroblasts or CAFs. This protocol helps detect expression of intra- and extracellular antigens, including deposition of ECM proteins within the spheroids.
FAQs
Different viability readouts interrogate different cellular features. Metabolic activity and ATP levels indicate whether cells remain functionally active, whereas membrane integrity and live/dead staining provide evidence about cellular damage or preservation. Using these signals helps investigators select an endpoint suited to the question, such as general model health or response after drug exposure.
Limited nutrient availability and oxygen create conditions that differ across a three-dimensional aggregate. These gradients, together with cell-cell interactions, influence the biological state being measured and help explain why viability data from spheroids can provide context beyond simpler culture models. They are especially relevant when interpreting responses that model features of solid tumors.
ATP levels and metabolic activity provide functional indicators that cells remain active after culture or drug exposure. A change in either measurement can therefore help assess how strongly a treatment affects the spheroid model. These endpoints support comparisons of anticancer compound efficacy and can be interpreted alongside membrane integrity or live/dead staining for a broader assessment.
Assessment begins with a spheroid culture condition, followed by measurement of one or more supported viability indicators. Investigators may examine metabolic activity, ATP levels, membrane integrity, or live and dead cell staining after the relevant culture or treatment period. Comparing these measurements across conditions provides evidence of model health and treatment response.
Researchers use these measurements when evaluating anticancer compounds in a three-dimensional tumor model. The resulting data can support studies of drug efficacy, resistance, and toxicity, while also showing how treatment affects a model containing cell-cell interactions and gradients associated with solid tumors. This makes viability a practical outcome for comparing treatment conditions.
Spheroid viability measurements connect treatment outcomes with features of the tumor microenvironment represented in the model. Cell-cell interactions, limited oxygen, and nutrient gradients can shape the measured response, so viability data help researchers examine how those conditions relate to tumor model health, compound activity, and resistance-related behavior in cancer research.