Stool Examination
Stool Examination - Related Videos
15:16
Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
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Cited by 13 •
2012
A One-Step RT-PCR assay for detection and genogroup identification of Norovirus isolates from children’s stools, that utilizes primers and TaqMan probes specific to the open reading frame 1 (ORF1)-ORF2 junction region, the most conserved region of the Norovirus genome is described. A non-commercial, cost-effective RNA extraction method is detailed.
20:06
The Comprehensive Infant Examination
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2023
Source: Heather Collette and Jaideep Talwalkar; Yale School of Medicine The newborn exam is important in establishing a baby's baseline health status as they enter the world. Newborn providers have the unique opportunity to evaluate a patient for the very first time. They are also tasked with identifying congenital anomalies that require early intervention to promote a long and healthy life for the child. Many newborn anomalies, such as heart defects, are noted on prenatal ultrasound. However,...
03:46
Stool Microbial DNA Isolation: Studying the Effect of Environmental Enrichment on Microbiome Diversity in Murine Tumor Model
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2023
This video describes DNA isolation protocol from stool samples of colon tumor-bearing mice. The extracted DNA is amplified using PCR, and the product is further cleaned using a magnetic beads-based approach. This method can be used to determine the effect of environmental enrichment on colon microbiota and animal mortality.
01:30
Serum Laboratory Studies, Stool Test, Breath Test
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2025
Gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic studies are pivotal in confirming, ruling out, diagnosing, or staging various diseases, including cancers. Following diagnosis, allocating time for discussions with the patient and providing informational resources is crucial. Diagnostic assessments of the GI tract often occur in outpatient settings like endoscopy suites or GI labs. Preparation for these tests may include dietary restrictions, fasting, liquid bowel preparations, laxatives, enemas, and the...
07:44
Ophthalmoscopic Examination
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2023
Source: Richard Glickman-Simon, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, MA The simplest ophthalmoscopes consist of an aperture to look through, a diopter indicator, and a disc for selecting lenses. The ophthalmoscope is primarily used to examine the fundus, or the inner wall of the posterior eye, which consists of the choroid, retina, fovea, macula, optic disc, and retinal vessels (Figure 1). The spherical eyeball...
FAQs
Different test modalities reveal different classes of evidence. Macroscopic observation assesses visible features, whereas microscopy can examine parasites and their ova or abnormal cells. Chemical testing can detect occult blood, meaning blood not visibly apparent, and microbiological analysis evaluates microbial findings. Combining these approaches broadens the assessment beyond what any single observation could show.
Specimen conditions can change how results should be interpreted. Diet and medications may influence findings, while delays or improper handling can reduce reliability. Consequently, a result should be considered in relation to collection and processing conditions rather than viewed in isolation. Careful specimen management is therefore part of the analytical process, not merely an administrative step.
Stool examination can organize evidence around several clinical questions: whether bleeding is present, whether parasites or their ova are detectable, whether inflammation is suggested by abnormal cellular findings, and whether microbial abnormalities are present. These categories help clinicians investigate gastrointestinal disease and connect laboratory observations with symptoms such as diarrhea or abdominal pain.
Reliable testing begins before the laboratory analysis. The specimen must be collected appropriately, protected from avoidable handling problems, and processed promptly. The laboratory may then select macroscopic, microscopic, chemical, or microbiological approaches according to the clinical question. This workflow helps preserve the value of findings used in diagnosis and treatment decisions.
When patients have diarrhea or abdominal pain, clinicians may request this testing while investigating suspected gastrointestinal disease. The results can contribute to decisions about diagnosis and treatment, especially when the clinical question concerns infection, bleeding, inflammation, parasites, or impaired intestinal function. The test therefore serves as an investigative tool rather than a standalone description of fecal material.
Multiple methods are useful when a single type of evidence cannot address the full clinical question. For example, visual assessment alone would not replace microscopy for parasites and ova, chemical testing for occult blood, or microbiological evaluation of microbial findings. Using complementary analyses can provide a more informative laboratory picture for clinical interpretation.