Acute Exposure
Acute Exposure - Related Videos
10:11
Whole-Body Nanoparticle Aerosol Inhalation Exposures
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Cited by 51 •
2013
A whole-body nanoparticle aerosol inhalation exposure facility was constructed for nano-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) inhalation toxicology studies. This system provides nano-TiO2 aerosol test atmospheres that have: 1) a steady mass concentration; 2) a homogenous composition free of contaminants; and 3) a stable particle size distribution during aerosol generation.
16:21
Quantifying Fish Swimming Behavior in Response to Acute Exposure of Aqueous Copper Using Computer Assisted Video and Digital Image Analysis
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Cited by 29 •
2016
Measuring the impacts of environmental contaminants on fish behavior is often subjective and challenging particularly when dealing with sublethal endpoints. We describe methods including video technology to quantify swimming behavior of early life stage white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) during and after 96 hr acute exposures to various concentrations of copper.
06:12
Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube
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Cited by 18 •
2020
This protocol describes a common and feasible method of inducing acute liver injury (ALI) via CCl4 exposure through an orogastric tube. CCl4 exposure induces ALI through the formation of reactive oxygen species during its biotransformation in the liver. This method is used to analyze the pathophysiology of ALI and examine different hepatoprotective strategies.
09:08
Developing a Salivary Antibody Multiplex Immunoassay to Measure Human Exposure to Environmental Pathogens
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Cited by 11 •
2016
In the current climate of scarce resources, new technologies are emerging that allow researchers to conduct studies cheaper, faster and with more precision. Here we describe the development of a bead-based salivary antibody multiplex immunoassay to measure human exposure to multiple environmental pathogens simultaneously.
08:50
A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development
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Cited by 4 •
2020
We developed a model of chorioamnionitis to simulate fetal exposure to maternal inflammation (FEMI) without complications of live organisms to examine the effects of FEMI on development of the offspring’s intestinal tract. This allows for study of mechanistic causes for development of intestinal injury following chorioamnionitis.
FAQs
The outcome depends on the agent’s concentration, the duration of contact, the route by which it enters the body, and the susceptibility of the exposed organism. These variables can change both the intensity and timing of effects. Considering them together helps environmental health researchers interpret why the same hazard may affect humans, wildlife, or ecosystems differently.
Inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption can determine how quickly an agent reaches target tissues and how extensively it spreads within an organism. Consequently, the same chemical, biological, or physical hazard may produce different immediate effects depending on how contact occurs. Route-specific evaluation is therefore important when assessing potential harm after an environmental release.
A relatively high concentration over a short period can produce rapid effects, but the outcome still depends on how long contact continues and how the organism responds. Researchers examine these variables together to identify immediate toxicity and establish dose-response relationships. This analysis shows how changes in exposure conditions correspond to changes in observed effects.
Researchers relate the amount of an agent encountered to the effects observed over a short exposure period. Examining this relationship helps identify levels associated with immediate toxicity and clarifies how outcomes change as exposure conditions vary. The resulting evidence supports interpretation of hazards affecting people, wildlife, or ecosystems in environmental health investigations.
It is especially important when pollutants, pesticides, spills, or other environmental hazards may cause rapid harm. Information about immediate toxicity and dose-response relationships can guide emergency risk assessment after a release. It also helps decision-makers establish protective limits intended to reduce harmful contact with affected humans, wildlife, or ecosystems.
The approach can be applied to chemical, biological, or physical agents associated with pollutants, spills, pesticides, and other hazards. Its relevance extends beyond human health because acute effects may also occur in wildlife or ecosystems. By examining concentration, contact route, duration, and susceptibility, researchers can characterize short-term environmental consequences across these settings.