Subcellular Organelles
Subcellular Organelles - Related Videos
11:19
Imaging Subcellular Structures in the Living Zebrafish Embryo
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Cited by 8 •
2016
Imaging the dynamic behavior of organelles and other subcellular structures in vivo can shed light on their function in physiological and disease conditions. Here, we present methods for genetically tagging two organelles, centrosomes and mitochondria, and imaging their dynamics in living zebrafish embryos using wide-field and confocal microscopy.
15:39
Studying Organelle Dynamics in B Cells During Immune Synapse Formation
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Cited by 8 •
2019
Herein we describe two approaches to characterize cell polarization events in B lymphocytes during the formation of an IS. The first, involves quantification of organelle recruitment and cytoskeleton rearrangements at the synaptic membrane. The second is a biochemical approach, to characterize changes in composition of the centrosome, which undergoes polarization to the immune synapse.
12:42
Fluorescence-microscopy Screening and Next-generation Sequencing: Useful Tools for the Identification of Genes Involved in Organelle Integrity
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Cited by 4 •
2012
A fundamental quest in cell biology is to define the mechanisms that underlie the identity of the organelles that make eukaryotic cells. Here we propose a method to identify the genes responsible for the morphological and functional integrity of plant organelles using fluorescence microscopy and next-generation sequencing tools.
01:43
The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles
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2023
In eukaryotic cells, cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
03:00
Tracking Axonal Transport of Organelles in Motor Neurons Using a Microfluidic Device
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2025
This video demonstrates a method for tracking axonal transport in motor neurons using a microfluidic chamber system. It involves culturing mouse embryonic spinal cord tissues in polymer-coated wells with nutrient medium to induce axonal growth. The movement of fluorescent dye-stained organelles in live imaging, confirms the bidirectional axonal transport.
FAQs
Selective membrane transport controls which molecules enter or leave an organelle, preserving the conditions needed for its biochemical reactions. This separation allows processes such as protein synthesis, trafficking, degradation, and energy production to occur in coordinated compartments rather than competing within one space. In neurons, transport-based organization is especially important because organelles must support both the cell body and extended neuronal processes.
Mitochondria provide ATP, the energy required to sustain neuronal activity and cellular maintenance. Their importance increases when a neuron contains long processes, because those distant regions still require energy while remaining physically separated from the cell body. Studying mitochondrial organization and function can therefore help explain how neurons maintain their structure and respond to injury or dysfunction.
Directed movement along the cytoskeleton enables cargo to travel between cellular regions, linking organelle activity in the neuronal cell body with distant processes and synapses. This transport helps maintain long neuronal extensions by delivering materials where they are needed and coordinating trafficking with protein synthesis, degradation, and neurotransmitter-related functions. Disrupted organization or movement can therefore affect neuronal communication and maintenance.
The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus participate in producing and trafficking cellular components, while synaptic vesicles are associated with neurotransmitter release at synapses. Together, these organelles connect intracellular processing with communication between neurons. Examining their organization helps researchers relate protein handling and cargo delivery to the ability of neuronal cells to maintain synaptic signaling.
Organelle organization provides a cellular perspective on how neurons develop, communicate, and respond to injury. Researchers can compare changes in compartments involved in gene expression, energy production, protein handling, trafficking, and degradation to identify altered cellular processes. These observations help connect structural or functional organelle changes with broader neural outcomes without treating any single organelle as an isolated system.
Organelle dysfunction is studied as a possible contributor to impaired neuronal maintenance and communication in neurodegeneration. Investigations may focus on changes in energy production, protein trafficking, degradation, or neurotransmitter release, depending on the cellular context. Such findings can support the search for biomarkers and inform potential therapeutic strategies by linking measurable organelle changes with neural disease processes.