Ventral Craniotomy
Ventral Craniotomy - Related Videos
08:30
A Method to Make a Craniotomy on the Ventral Skull of Neonate Rodents
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Cited by 6 •
2014
A surgical method is described to expose the ventral skull in neonate rats. Using this approach it is possible to open a craniotomy to perform acute electrophysiology and two-photon microscopy experiments in the brainstem of anesthetized pups.
09:25
A Craniotomy Surgery Procedure for Chronic Brain Imaging
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Cited by 182 •
2008
This video and protocol demonstrate how to implant a glass-covered cranial window in rodents. These preparations can be used for chronic in vivo two-photon imaging of the neocortex over time scales of months. It may also be used for other types of imaging, including optical intrinsic signal imaging.
05:13
Co-culturing of Ventral Hippocampal and Nucleus Accumbens
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2025
This video demonstrates the process of preparing ventral hippocampal and nucleus accumbens tissues from mouse brains for co-culture. Neurons extend projections to form synaptic connections between the ventral hippocampal and nucleus accumbens tissues. This method allows studying neuronal interactions between these two brain regions, offering insights into cognition, behavior, and neurological disorders.
10:05
A Large Lateral Craniotomy Procedure for Mesoscale Wide-field Optical Imaging of Brain Activity
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Cited by 18 •
2017
This protocol presents a method for creating a large unilateral craniotomy over the temporal and parietal regions of the mouse cerebral cortex. This is especially useful for real time imaging over an expansive area of a cortical hemisphere.
09:19
In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain
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Cited by 5 •
2013
Ectopic expression is one technique to elucidate the microRNAs role in brain development. However, targeting specific areas using in ovo electroporation is challenging. Here, we show an efficient way to selectively electroporate ventral and dorsal midbrain regions.
FAQs
A ventral route approaches the underside of the brain, skull base, or related neural structures from an orientation suited to targets that are difficult to reach dorsally. This positioning can improve direct visualization and support more targeted manipulation, while reducing the need to approach the same anatomy through structures located above it.
The bone opening must be carefully defined because its location and extent determine access to the intended structures. A controlled opening can provide sufficient exposure without unnecessarily enlarging the field. The procedure also requires management of the dura and protection of underlying neural tissue as the exposed area is handled.
The principal distinction is the direction from which the neural target is reached. A ventral approach is designed for structures on the underside of the brain or near the skull base, whereas a dorsal route approaches from the opposite surface. This difference can determine how directly researchers or surgeons visualize and manipulate difficult-to-reach anatomy.
The workflow begins by exposing the intended surgical field, followed by removal of a carefully defined section of ventral skull. The dura is then protected or managed while the underlying neural tissue is kept under control. Throughout the procedure, bleeding and tissue movement must also be managed to preserve a usable field.
Bleeding, tissue movement, and the condition of the underlying dura and neural tissue are central procedural considerations. Maintaining control of these factors helps preserve visualization and limits disruption of the structures being examined or treated. Their management is especially important when the approach is used for targeted manipulation near delicate neural anatomy.
This approach is useful when investigations or interventions concern anatomy that is difficult to reach from the dorsal surface. It can support studies of neural anatomy, injury, disease, and brain function, as well as treatment involving accessible ventral structures. Direct visualization and targeted manipulation make the approach relevant to both experimental and surgical settings.