Airway Obstruction
Airway Obstruction - Related Videos
08:20
Basic Life Support Part II: Airway/Breathing and Continued Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
0 Views •
2023
Source: Julianna Jung, MD, FACEP, Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, USA High-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation are the most important interventions for patients with cardiac arrest, and should be the first steps that rescuers perform. This is reflected in the American Heart Association's new "CAB" mnemonic. While rescuers were once taught the "ABCs" of cardiac arrest, they now learn "CAB" -...
02:19
Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Murine Model: A Surgical Procedure to Obstruct the Urinary Flow from a Kidney in Mouse Models
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2023
This video demonstrates the procedure to generate a unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model. The procedure involves cutting one of the ureters of the mouse to obstruct urine flow.
09:28
COVID-19 / Coronavirus Outbreak: Protecting The Airway - Endotracheal Intubation
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2020
In pandemic times, medical staff is becoming a key resource in fighting the infection. To achieve the best medical care, relevant techniques and procedures have to be taught to medical staff to reduce the risk of infection. COVID patients often need mechanical ventilation due to progredient respiratory insufficiency, so an endotracheal intubation becomes a critical procedure in managing these patients. This procedure has an increased risk of infection due to aerosol formation and working with...
14:05
A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction
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Cited by 47 •
2014
The murine model of irreversible unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) is presented together with the model of reversible UUO in which the ureteric obstruction is relieved by anastomosis of the severed ureter into the bladder. These models enable the study of renal inflammation and scarring as well as tissue remodeling.
07:08
A Method to Target and Isolate Airway-innervating Sensory Neurons in Mice
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Cited by 9 •
2016
Organ specific sensory neurons are difficult to identify. Fast Blue tracing is used to identify nodose neurons innervating the airways for cell sorting. Sorted nodose neurons are used to extract high quality ribonucleic acid (RNA) for sequencing. Using this protocol, gene expression of airway specific neurons is determined.
FAQs
The underlying mechanism determines which drug strategy is appropriate. Bronchoconstriction calls for treatment that relaxes airway smooth muscle, whereas mucosal inflammation, edema, excess mucus, allergic responses, or structural narrowing may require different targets. Identifying whether the problem lies in the upper or lower respiratory tract therefore helps clinicians select therapies that address the dominant cause rather than airflow limitation alone.
Beta2-adrenergic agonists act on airway smooth muscle to promote relaxation, directly counteracting bronchoconstriction. This mechanism is especially relevant when narrowed airways result from reversible smooth-muscle contraction. By targeting the contractile component rather than inflammatory signaling or mucus production, these medicines provide a pharmacological approach suited to obstruction driven primarily by bronchospasm.
Corticosteroids reduce inflammatory signaling and swelling, so their principal contribution differs from the smooth-muscle relaxation produced by bronchodilators. Because inflammation and edema may sustain narrowing even when bronchoconstriction is not the only mechanism, corticosteroid therapy addresses a separate component of obstruction. Their effects over time are important when treatment must control inflammatory changes rather than only relieve contraction.
Mucosal inflammation and edema, excess mucus, foreign bodies, allergic responses, and structural narrowing can all contribute to persistent airflow limitation. These mechanisms do not respond identically to a drug that relaxes airway smooth muscle. Recognizing the specific contributor helps direct treatment toward inflammation, mucus production, or allergic processes, while a foreign body or structural problem may require an approach beyond pharmacology.
Clinicians consider both the obstruction's cause and its location before choosing an intervention. This reasoning helps distinguish rapidly reversible bronchospasm from narrowing caused by a foreign body or structural change. The distinction is clinically important because pharmacological treatment may address bronchospasm, whereas other forms of blockage can require urgent mechanical intervention rather than reliance on medication alone.
Pharmacology is most relevant when researchers need to connect a specific obstruction mechanism with a drug target and expected outcome. Studies may examine smooth-muscle relaxation, reduction of inflammatory signaling and swelling, or treatment directed at mucus production and allergic responses. This mechanism-based approach supports the development of respiratory medicines intended to improve airflow while promoting safer treatment choices.