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HIGH SCHOOL

Biology

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Cell Biology

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Visualizing Cells, Tissues, and Molecules

Microscope Contrast for Live, Unstained Cells

Description

Phase-contrast and differential interference contrast microscopy help scientists see live cells without stains. Both methods boost contrast so thin, transparent structures become easier to study under the microscope.

Phase-contrast microscopes use interference between light that passes straight t...

Transcript

未染色的活细胞具有透明性,在光学显微镜下难以观察。相差显微镜和微分干涉差(DIC)显微镜可通过生成更高分辨率和更清晰对比度的图像,实现对这些细胞的可视化观察。

当样品在相差照明下被照射时,部分光被细胞组分衍射,其余光则直接穿过。衍射程度取决于细胞组分的折射率。

当衍射光与直射光发生干涉时,若光波同相,则样品的某些部分呈现亮区;若光波异相,则呈现暗区。这能够产生大细胞器和薄组织切片的高对比度图像。

折射率的急剧变化会在图像周围产生光晕。

此类伪影在微分干涉相差显微镜(DIC)中不存在,DIC 使用偏振光源来调制穿过样品的光波。

图像对比度取决于样品中折射率变化的速率。急剧的变化会产生高对比度的图像,并...

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