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Introduction to Separation Methods
Sublimation in Separation and Purification
Description
Sublimation is the direct change of a solid into a gas. It skips the liquid state. A common example is solid carbon dioxide, or dry ice, which turns into gaseous carbon dioxide at standard pressure and room temperature.
The phase diagram shows when sublimation can happen. This process occurs at t...
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Transcript
升华是从固态直接转变为气态的相变过程,不经过液态阶段。
例如,固态二氧化碳(即干冰)在室温和常压下会升华为气态二氧化碳。
该转变发生在固-气相界面上,在三相点以上时不会被观察到。
在简单升华法中,将物质放入烧杯中加热,并用倒置的表面皿作为二次表面覆盖在烧杯上。
纯物质沉积在表面皿上,而杂质则被留下。
冻干,即冷冻干燥,是一种在低温下对热敏性材料进行脱水的技术,广泛应用于化学、生物学和食品保存领域。
此处,样品被冷冻后置于真空环境中。当温度升高时,冰直接升华为水蒸气,从而得到冷冻干燥的产品。
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