方法文章

Rab10 Phosphorylation Detection by LRRK2 Activity Using SDS-PAGE with a Phosphate-binding Tag

DOI:

10.3791/56688

2017年12月14日

本文内容

摘要

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The present study describes a simple method of detecting endogenous levels of Rab10 phosphorylation by leucine-rich repeat kinase 2.

摘要

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Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) have been shown to be linked with familial Parkinson's disease (FPD). Since abnormal activation of the kinase activity of LRRK2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD, it is essential to establish a method to evaluate the physiological levels of the kinase activity of LRRK2. Recent studies revealed that LRRK2 phosphorylates members of the Rab GTPase family, including Rab10, under physiological conditions. Although the phosphorylation of endogenous Rab10 by LRRK2 in cultured cells could be detected by mass spectrometry, it has been difficult to detect it by immunoblotting due to the poor sensitivity of currently available phosphorylation-specific antibodies for Rab10. Here, we describe a simple method of detecting the endogenous levels of Rab10 phosphorylation by LRRK2 based on immunoblotting utilizing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) combined with a phosphate-binding tag (P-tag), which is N-(5-(2-aminoethylcarbamoyl)pyridin-2-ylmetyl)-N,N',N'-tris(pyridin-2-yl-methyl)-1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol. The present protocol not only provides an example of the methodology utilizing the P-tag but also enables the assessment of how mutations as well as inhibitor treatment/administration or any other factors alter the downstream signaling of LRRK2 in cells and tissues.

引言

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PD is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, predominantly affecting dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, resulting in dysfunction of the motor systems in elderly people1. While most patients develop PD in a sporadic manner, there are families inheriting the disease. Mutations in several genes have been found to be linked with FPD2. One of the causative genes for FPD is LRRK2, in which eight missense mutations (N1437H, R1441C/G/H/S, Y1699C, G2019S, and I2020T) linked to a dominantly inherited FPD called PARK8 have so far been reported3,4,<....

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方案

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1. Sample Preparation for the P-tag SDS–PAGE

  1. Remove and discard the media from 10 cm dishes in which cells are grown using a suction and wash cells with 5 mL Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) by first adding DPBS to the side of the dishes to avoid disturbing the cell layer, and manually rock the dishes back and forth several times.
  2. Remove and discard the DPBS using a suction and add 2 mL of 0.25% (w/v) trypsin diluted in DPBS, and gently rock the dishes to cover the cell layer. Put the dishes into a CO2 incubator (37 °C, humidified air, 5% CO2) for 5 min.
  3. After pipetting up and down using a....

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结果

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Overexpression System: Phosphorylation of HA-Rab10 by 3×FLAG-LRRK2 in HEK293 Cells:

HEK293 cells were transfected with 0.266 µg of HA-Rab10 wild-type and 1.066 µg of 3×FLAG-LRRK2 (wild-type, kinase-inactive mutant (K1906M), or FPD mutants). Rab10 phosphorylation was examined by P-tag SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting using an anti-HA antibody (Figure 2). 10 µg of proteins were run on a 10% gel (80 x .......

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讨论

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Here, we describe a facile and robust method of detecting Rab10 phosphorylation by LRRK2 at endogenous levels based on the P-tag methodology. Because the currently available antibody against phosphorylated Rab10 works only with overexpressed proteins15, the present method utilizing P-tag SDS-PAGE is the only way to assess endogenous levels of Rab10 phosphorylation. Moreover, the present method allows the estimation of the stoichiometry of Rab10 phosphorylation in cells. Because the P-tag methodolo.......

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披露

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

致谢

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We thank Dr. Takeshi Iwatsubo (University of Tokyo, Japan) for kindly providing the plasmids encoding 3xFLAG-LRRK2 WT and mutants. We also thank Dr. Dario Alessi (University of Dundee, UK) for kindly providing MLi-2 and the plasmid encoding HA-Rab10. This work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant Number JP17K08265 (G.I.).

....

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材料

本文使用的材料清单
姓名公司目录编号评论
<强>试剂
Dulbecco磷酸盐缓冲盐水(DPBS)自制150 mM NaCl、8 mM Na2HPO4-12H2O、2.7 mM KCl、1.5 mM KH2PO4 MilliQ水中,并通过高压灭菌
Nacalai灭菌Tesque31320-34
磷酸氢二钠钠 12-水和光196-02835
氯化钾和光163-03545
磷酸二氢钾和光169-04245
2.5% 胰蛋白酶 (10X)Sigma-AldrichT4549用无菌 DPBS 稀释 10 倍,用于制备工作溶液
Dulbecco 改良的 Eagle 培养基
(DMEM)
Wako044-29765
胎牛血清BioWestS1560在 56 °C 下热灭活;C 30 分钟
青霉素-链霉素 (100X)Wako168-23191
HEPESWako342-01375
氢氧化钠Wako198-13765
聚乙亚胺盐酸盐 MAX,线性,分子量 40,000 (PEI MAX 40000)PolySciences, Inc.在 20 mM HEPES-NaOH (pH 7.0) 中制备 1 mg/mL 的储备液24765-1
二甲基亚砜Wako045-28335
TrisSTARRSP-THA500G
盐酸Wako080-01066
聚氧乙烯 (10) 辛基苯醚Wako160-24751相当于 Triton X-100
乙二醇-双(2-氨基乙基醚)-N,N,N',N'-四乙酸 (EGTA)和光346-01312
原钒酸钠(V)和光198-09752
氟化钠关东化学37174-20
&β;-甘油磷酸二钠盐 五水合Nacalai Tesque17103-82
钠焦磷酸盐十水合国产化学2113899
微囊藻毒素-LRWako136-12241
蔗糖Wako196-00015
完全不含 EDTA 的蛋白酶抑制剂混合物罗氏11873580001一片溶解在 1 mL 水中,可在 -20 °C 下储存;C 的一个月。以 1:50 稀释度用于细胞裂解
Pierce 考马斯 (Bradford) 蛋白质检测试剂盒Thermo Fisher Scientific23200
十二烷基硫酸钠Nacalai Tesque31607-65
甘油Wako075-00616
溴酚蓝Wako021-02911
&β;-巯基乙醇关东化学25099-00
乙醇Wako056-06967
甲醇Wako136-01837
磷酸盐结合标签丙烯酰胺WakoAAL-107P 标签丙烯酰胺
40% (w/v) 丙烯酰胺溶液Nacalai Tesque06119-45丙烯酰胺:Bis = 29:1
四甲基乙二胺 (TEMED)Nacalai Tesque33401-72
过硫酸铵粉末溶解在 MilliQ 水中来制备硫酸铵 (APS)Wako016-08021
2-丙醇和光166-04831
氯化锰四水合物Sigma-AldrichM3634
Precision Plus 蛋白质预染标准Bio-Rad1610374、1610373 1610377方案中使用的分子量标记
WIDE-VIEW 预染蛋白大小标记物 IIIWako230-02461
甘氨酸Nacalai Tesque17109-64
Amersham Protran NC 0.45GE Healthcare10600007硝酸纤维素膜
Durapore 膜过滤器EMD MilliporeGVHP00010PVDF 膜
滤纸 No.1Advantec00013600
Ponceau SNacalai Tesque28322-72
乙酸Wako017-00251
Tween-20Sigma-AldrichP1379聚氧乙烯脱水水梨醇单月桂酸
乙二胺四乙酸酯 (EDTA)Wako345-01865
脱脂奶粉Difco Laboratories232100
ImmunostarWako291-55203ECL 溶液(正常灵敏度)
Immunostar LDWako290-69904ECL 溶液(高灵敏度)
CBB 染色溶液自制1 g CBB R-250、50% (v/v) 甲醇、10% (v/v) 乙酸,溶于 1 L MilliQ 水中
CBB R-250Wako031-17922
CBB 脱色的 12% (v/v) 甲醇、7% (v/v) 乙酸的 1 L MilliQ 水
溶液名称Company目录号评论
抗体
抗 HA 抗体Sigma-Aldrich11583816001在 0.2 &mu 使用;g/mL,用于免疫印迹。
抗 Rab10 抗体Cell Signaling Technology#8127以 1:1000 的比例用于免疫印迹.
特异性已在 Ito 等人中通过 CRISPR KO 确认,Biochem J,2016 年。
抗 pSer935 抗体Abcamab133450用于 1 μg/mL,用于免疫印迹。
抗 LRRK2 抗体Abcamab133518用于 1 μg/mL,用于免疫印迹。
抗 α;-微管蛋白抗体Sigma-AldrichT9026在 1 &mu 使用;g/mL,用于免疫印迹。
抗 GAPDH 抗体Santa-Cruzsc-32233用于 0.02 μg/mL,用于免疫印迹。
过氧化物酶 AffiniPure 绵羊抗小鼠 IgG (H+L)Jackson ImmunoResearch515-035-003在 0.16 &μ 使用;g/mL,用于免疫印迹。
过氧化物酶 AffiniPure 山羊抗兔 IgG (H+L)Jackson ImmunoResearch111-035-003用于 0.16 &μ;g/mL,用于免疫印迹。
名称>公司目录号注释
抑制剂
GSK2578215AMedChem ExpressHY-13237储备液在 DMSO 中制备 10 mM 并储存在 -80 °C;C
MLi-2由 Dario Alessi 博士(邓迪大学)提供储备液在 DMSO 中制备 10 mM 并储存在 -80 °C;C
名称>公司<strong>目录号评论
质粒
Rab10/pcDNA5 FRT 到 HA由 Dario Alessi 博士提供
(邓迪大学)
该质粒表达氨基末端 HA 标记的人 Rab10。
LRRK2 WT/p3xFLAG-CMV-10由 Takeshi Iwatsubo 博士(东京大学)提供Ito等人,生物化学,46:1380–1388 (2007).该质粒表达氨基末端 3xFLAG 标记的野生型人 LRRK2。
LRRK2 K1906M/p3xFLAG-CMV-10由 Takeshi Iwatsubo 博士(东京大学)提供,生物化学,46:1380–1388 (2007).该质粒表达人 LRRK2 的氨基末端 3xFLAG 标记的 K1906M 激酶失活突变体。
LRRK2 N1437H/p3xFLAG-CMV-10本文。该质粒表达人 LRRK2 的氨基末端 3xFLAG 标记的 N1437H FPD 突变体。
LRRK2 R1441C/p3xFLAG-CMV-10由 Takeshi Iwatsubo 博士(东京大学)Kamikawaji 等人提供,生物化学,48:10963–10975 (2013).该质粒表达人 LRRK2 的氨基末端 3xFLAG 标记的 R1441C FPD 突变体。
LRRK2 R1441G/p3xFLAG-CMV-10由 Takeshi Iwatsubo 博士(东京大学)Kamikawaji 等人提供,生物化学,48:10963–10975 (2013).该质粒表达人 LRRK2 的氨基末端 3xFLAG 标记的 R1441G FPD 突变体。
LRRK2 R1441H/p3xFLAG-CMV-10由 Takeshi Iwatsubo 博士(东京大学)Kamikawaji 等人提供,生物化学,48:10963–10975 (2013).该质粒表达人 LRRK2 的氨基末端 3xFLAG 标记的 R1441H FPD 突变体。
LRRK2 R1441S/p3xFLAG-CMV-10本文。该质粒表达人 LRRK2 的氨基末端 3xFLAG 标记的 R1441S FPD 突变体。
LRRK2 Y1699C/p3xFLAG-CMV-10由 Takeshi Iwatsubo 博士(东京大学)Kamikawaji 等人提供,生物化学,48:10963–10975 (2013).该质粒表达人 LRRK2 的氨基末端 3xFLAG 标记的 Y1699C FPD 突变体。
LRRK2 G2019S/p3xFLAG-CMV-10由 Takeshi Iwatsubo 博士(东京大学)Kamikawaji 等人提供,生物化学,48:10963–10975 (2013).该质粒表达人 LRRK2 的氨基末端 3xFLAG 标记的 G2019S FPD 突变体。
LRRK2 I2020T/p3xFLAG-CMV-10由 Takeshi Iwatsubo 博士(东京大学)Kamikawaji 等人提供,生物化学,48:10963–10975 (2013).该质粒表达人 LRRK2 的氨基末端 3xFLAG 标记的 I2020T FPD 突变体。
名称公司目录号评论
设备
CO2 培养箱Thermo Fisher ScientificForma Series II 3110水套
式自动移液器DrummondPipet-Aid PA-400
微量移液器 P10Nichiryo00-NPX2-100.5–10 μL
微量移液器 P200Nichiryo00-NPX2-20020–200 亩;L
微量移液器 P1000Nichiryo00-NPX2-1000100–1000 μL
微量移液器吸头 P10STARRST-481LCRST
微量移液器无菌吸头 P200FUKAEKASEI1201-705YS
微量移液器无菌吸头 P1000STARRST-4810BRST无菌
5 mL 可分散移液器Greiner606180无菌
10 mL 可分散移液器Greiner607180无菌
25 mL 可散孢移液器Falcon357535无菌
血细胞计数器Sunlead GlassA126改进的 Neubeuer
显微镜OlympusCKX53
10 cm 培养皿Falcon353003用于组织培养
6 孔板AGC Techno Glass3810-006用于组织培养
涡旋混合器Scientific IndustriesVortex-Genie 2
细胞刮刀住友电木MS-93100
1.5 mL 管STARRSV-MTT1.5
15 mL 管AGC Techno Glass2323-015
50 mL 管AGC Techno Glass2343-050
离心机TOMYMX-307
96 孔板Greiner655061不适用于组织培养
读板器Molecular DevicesSpectraMax M2e
SDS–PAGE 储液槽Nihon EidoNA-1010
转运储液槽Nihon EidoNA-1510B
凝胶板(缺口)Nihon EidoNA-1000-1
凝胶板(普通)Nihon EidoNA-1000-2
硅垫片Nihon EidoNA-1000-16
17 孔梳Nihon Eido定制
活页夹Nihon EidoNA-1000-15
5 mL 注射器TerumoSS-05SZ
21GTerumoNN-2138R
发电站 1000 VCATTOAE-8450SDS 电源–页面和转移
大型称重船Ina OptikaAS-DL
塑料容器AS ONEPS CASE No.410 x 80 x 50 毫米
摇床TitechNR-10
苯乙烯泡沫箱通用内部尺寸应适合一个转运罐(200 x 250 x 250 毫米)。
ImageQuant LAS-4000GE Healthcare配备制冷型 CCD 相机的成像仪,用于检测 ECL
的氯化,然后用 NaOH 将 pH 值调节至 7.0 物 物 将通过将过 10% (w/v) 溶液物 酯 自制

参考文献

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  1. Sveinbjornsdottir, S. The clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. J. Neurochem. 139 (Suppl. 1), 318-324 (2016).
  2. Hernandez, D. G., Reed, X., Singleton, A. B. Genetics in Parkinson disease: Mendelian versus non-Mendelian inheritance. J. Neurochem. 139 (Suppl. 1), 59....

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SDS PAGE HEK293 P tag Rab10

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