Spin Trapping
Spin Trapping - Related Videos
13:21
Detection of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Radical Anion by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy from Cells using Spin Traps
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Cited by 40 •
2012
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was employed to detect nitric oxide from bovine aortic endothelial cells and superoxide radical anion from human neutrophils using iron (II)-N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate, Fe(MGD)2 and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyroroline-N-oxide, DMPO, respectively.
13:39
Optical Trapping of Nanoparticles
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Cited by 7 •
2013
The following setup approach details low power optical trapping of dielectric nanoparticles using a double-nanohole in metal film.
01:41
Social Traps
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2020
Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned more cows, the larger...
01:08
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview
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2024
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1. Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must have a...
11:45
Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps
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Cited by 19 •
2017
This paper presents a microfabrication methodology for surface ion traps, as well as a detailed experimental procedure for trapping ytterbium ions in a room-temperature environment.
FAQs
Adduct formation extends the lifetime of a radical signal. When the unstable species reacts with the spin-trap compound, the resulting radical adduct persists long enough for analysis, unlike the original species, which may be difficult to observe directly. This conversion makes transient chemistry experimentally accessible and supports identification of radical activity in biological samples.
Nitrone and nitroso compounds serve as the reactive capture components in spin trapping. Their role is not simply to report that oxidation occurred; they participate in the reaction that converts an unstable radical into a detectable adduct. This capture step enables subsequent EPR analysis of radical-related chemistry in biological systems.
EPR detects the paramagnetic radical adduct through its characteristic signal. The signal provides the analytical readout after capture, allowing investigators to distinguish radical species rather than relying only on indirect evidence of oxidative stress. In biological studies, this connection between adduct identity and EPR response helps associate particular reactive chemistry with cellular effects.
The technique addresses a central problem in biological redox research: reactive species can disappear before conventional measurements capture them. By converting short-lived radicals into longer-lived adducts, it preserves evidence of transient reactions. That capability can reveal chemistry that would otherwise be missed and helps explain how oxidative processes contribute to biological responses.
An experiment first exposes a spin-trap compound to a biological system or sample in which reactive radicals may form. The compound reacts with an unstable radical, producing a longer-lived radical adduct. Investigators then examine that adduct by EPR spectroscopy and interpret its characteristic signal to assess which radical species may have been present.
Spin trapping can connect radical formation with oxidative stress, cellular injury, signaling, or disease mechanisms. Rather than treating a reactive signal as an isolated measurement, investigators can use detected adducts to examine whether specific radical species accompany biologically important changes. This makes the approach relevant to studies seeking mechanistic links between transient chemistry and biological outcomes.