Stereotaxic Equipment
Stereotaxic Equipment - Related Videos
08:28
Rodent Stereotaxic Surgery
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2023
Stereotaxic (or stereotactic) surgery is a method used to manipulate the brain of living animals. This technique allows researchers to accurately target deep structures within the brain through the use of a stereotaxic atlas, which provides the 3D coordinates of each area with respect to anatomical landmarks on the skull. After the skull is exposed, anesthetized animals are mounted on a specialized instrument known as a stereotaxic frame, which enables the precise placement of experimental...
00:08
Survivable Stereotaxic Surgery in Rodents
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Cited by 50 •
2008
The monitoring of extracellular neurotransmitter levels in distinct brain regions of freely moving animals offers insights on the link between neurotransmitter release and behavior. In vivo microdialysis coupled with electrochemical detection provides excellent anatomical and chemical resolution; and information on how basal neurotransmission is altered by pharmacological or physiological manipulations.
09:09
Dissecting the Non-human Primate Brain in Stereotaxic Space
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Cited by 14 •
2009
The non-human primate is an important translational species for our understanding of the normal processing of the brain. The anatomical organization of the primate brain can provide important insights into normal and pathological conditions in humans.
01:18
Leveling Equipment
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2025
As leveling involves measuring vertical distances relative to a horizontal line of sight, it requires a graduated rod, called a level rod, for vertical measurements and an instrument called a level for a horizontal sight line. A level includes a high-powered telescope with a mechanism for leveling to ensure the line of sight is horizontal when the bubble in the spirit level is centered. Leveling rods, made of wood, metal, or fiberglass, are graduated in feet or meters and commonly used in two-...
11:40
Building An Open-source Robotic Stereotaxic Instrument
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Cited by 18 •
2013
This protocol includes the designs and software necessary to upgrade an existing stereotaxic instrument to a robotic (computer numeric controlled; CNC) stereotaxic instrument for around $1,000 (excluding a drill).
FAQs
They provide reference points and spatial coordinates that help researchers translate a desired anatomical target into a reproducible instrument position. The apparatus uses these references to define where an instrument should enter and how it should move through three-dimensional space. This approach reduces reliance on visual estimation and supports consistent targeting across experimental subjects.
The frame stabilizes the subject, while adjustable arms position an instrument along defined spatial axes. Together, these components maintain the intended relationship between the subject’s anatomy and the instrument during delivery, recording, or tissue collection. Their coordinated movement allows researchers to approach a selected site with controlled direction and placement rather than freehand manipulation.
Three-dimensional coordinates specify a target’s position relative to anatomical reference points, allowing researchers to document and reproduce the same placement. This precision matters when interpreting results because differences in instrument location can affect which structure receives a material or contributes a signal. Coordinate-based positioning therefore strengthens comparisons between procedures and experimental outcomes.
A typical workflow establishes anatomical reference points, secures the subject in the frame, adjusts the instrument arm to the selected coordinates, and guides the instrument to the intended site. The instrument can then deliver a material, record neural activity, or collect tissue. Recording the coordinates and procedure supports reproducibility when experiments are repeated or compared.
The system can guide instruments used to deliver drugs, tracers, electrodes, or other materials to selected anatomical sites. It can also support tissue collection and neural activity recording. The appropriate instrument depends on the experimental aim, such as manipulating a target, tracing biological pathways, measuring activity, or examining tissue after a targeted intervention.
It is useful when a study requires access to a specific brain structure or another defined anatomical region. Applications described for the system include investigating brain function and behavior, examining disease mechanisms, and evaluating experimental therapies. By improving placement accuracy and reproducibility, it helps connect a targeted intervention or measurement with the biological outcome being studied.