Influenza Virus Neutralization
Influenza Virus Neutralization - Related Videos
03:20
Generation of Influenza Virus Escape Variants against Neutralizing Antibodies
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2025
This video demonstrates a technique for generating escape variants of neutralizing influenza virus monoclonal antibodies. Antibody-neutralized virus suspension is injected into embryonated chicken eggs to propagate escape variants selectively. This results in a virus population predominantly of escape variants, confirmed via a Hemagglutination assay.
07:55
Generation of Escape Variants of Neutralizing Influenza Virus Monoclonal Antibodies
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Cited by 10 •
2017
We describe a method by which we identify critical residues required for the binding of human or murine monoclonal antibodies that target the viral hemagglutinin of influenza A viruses. The protocol can be adapted to other virus surface glycoproteins and their corresponding neutralizing antibodies.
10:44
Influenza A Virus Studies in a Mouse Model of Infection
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Cited by 38 •
2017
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are important human respiratory pathogens. To understand the pathogenicity of IAVs and to perform preclinical testing of novel vaccine approaches, animal models mimicking human physiology are required. Here, we describe techniques to evaluate IAV pathogenesis, humoral responses and vaccine efficacy using a mouse model of infection.
10:05
High-throughput Detection Method for Influenza Virus
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Cited by 8 •
2012
This method describes the use of Infrared dye based imaging system for detection of H1N1 in bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of infected mice at a high sensitivity. This methodology can be performed in a 96- or 384-well plate, requires <10 μl volume of test material and has the potential for concurrent screening of multiple pathogens.
02:42
In Vitro Disassembly of the Influenza A Virus Core Using pH-Controlled Gradient Centrifugation
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2026
Source: Stauffer, S. et al. In Vitro Disassembly of Influenza A Virus Capsids by Gradient Centrifugation. J. Vis. Exp. (2016)This video demonstrates the pH-dependent disassembly of influenza A virus (IAV) cores using gradient ultracentrifugation. It outlines glycerol gradient preparation, ultracentrifugation, and how different pH conditions affect IAV core disassembly.
FAQs
Protection can arise through two distinct effects of hemagglutinin-targeting antibodies. Some antibodies prevent hemagglutinin from engaging sialic acid receptors on host cells, whereas others interfere with the membrane-fusion events needed after attachment. Separating these entry steps helps explain how antibodies block infection and why neutralization reflects more than simple virus binding.
Neuraminidase-directed antibodies act at a later stage than antibodies against hemagglutinin. Rather than primarily preventing initial attachment or fusion, they can limit the release and subsequent spread of newly formed influenza virions. This complementary activity matters when interpreting protective immunity because neutralization-related effects may involve both entry restriction and reduced dissemination.
Antigenic drift can change how well existing antibodies recognize an influenza strain. Consequently, a response measured against one strain may not predict the same degree of protection against another. Comparing strain-specific neutralization reveals whether antibody activity is retained, reduced, or altered as viral antigens change, informing interpretation of immune protection.
They measure the capacity of antibodies generated by vaccination or infection to prevent influenza virions from establishing infection in host cells. Results can characterize the magnitude of an antibody response and compare activity across viral strains. These comparisons provide a functional assessment of protective immunity rather than only evidence that antibodies are present.
Comparing these responses shows how different sources of immune exposure affect activity against influenza strains. Analyses can identify strain-specific differences in protection and determine whether a response remains effective when viral antigens differ. In vaccine research, this information helps assess performance and supports decisions about how well an immunization strategy matches evaluated strains.
Neutralization measurements help track changes in antibody recognition across influenza strains and identify effects associated with antigenic drift. Surveillance programs can use these comparisons to inform vaccine updating, while therapeutic research can apply the same immune principle to evaluate antibody-based treatments. The measurements connect laboratory assessments of immunity with strain monitoring and intervention design.