Surface Modification
Surface Modification - Related Videos
12:31
Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry
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Cited by 14 •
2012
Adenovirus particles are engineered to contain either the unnatural amino acid analogue azidohomoalanine or the azido sugar O-GlcNAz. The azide group of each is chemoselectively ligated via "click" chemistry reactions as a means of viral surface modification.
14:48
PDMS Device Fabrication and Surface Modification
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Cited by 5 •
2007
08:48
Selective Area Modification of Silicon Surface Wettability by Pulsed UV Laser Irradiation in Liquid Environment
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Cited by 1 •
2015
We report on a process of in situ alteration of HF treated Si (001) surface into a hydrophilic or hydrophobic state by irradiating samples in microfluidic chambers filled with H2O2/H2O solution (0.01%-0.5%) or methanol solutions using pulsed UV laser of a relative low pulse fluence.
02:32
Histone Modification
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2020
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression. Acetylation The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
10:54
Enzymatic Modification and Flow Cytometry Assessment of Yeast Surface Displayed Proteins
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2025
Here, we introduce a protocol for using yeast surface-displayed substrates for enzymatic modification assays. The platform was demonstrated using the analysis of the dephosphorylation activity of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 against one of its substrates as a representative enzymatic modification assay.
FAQs
The altered interface acts as the point where proteins, cells, and bacteria encounter the material. By changing surface charge, wettability, roughness, or outermost chemistry, researchers can influence interactions at that boundary while leaving the material’s bulk characteristics intact. This separation is useful when biological responses must be studied without redesigning the entire material.
Surface charge, wettability, and roughness are important because each describes a different aspect of the interface that can be altered in the overall design. Together with outermost chemistry, they provide variables for examining protein and cell interactions, bacterial attachment, biofilm formation, immune-cell activation, and inflammatory responses at material boundaries.
Coating, molecular grafting, adsorption, and plasma treatment offer distinct ways to alter a material’s outer interface. These routes can be compared according to the surface properties they are intended to change, including chemistry, structure, charge, wettability, or roughness. Each approach supports interface-focused investigation while preserving the characteristics of the underlying bulk material.
Evaluation should focus on both the engineered surface and its biological consequences. Relevant surface features include charge, wettability, roughness, and outermost chemistry, while relevant outcomes include bacterial attachment, biofilm formation, immune-cell activation, and inflammatory responses. Considering both groups helps connect a physical or chemical change with its infection or immunology relevance.
Medical devices, implants, and biosensors are key application settings because their surfaces directly contact biological environments. Surface modification can be used in these settings to investigate or control bacterial attachment, biofilm formation, immune-cell activation, and inflammatory responses. The intended outcome may be an infection-resistant material or a tool that supports host-pathogen interaction studies.
In host-pathogen studies, the material interface can be treated as an experimental variable rather than a fixed background. Researchers can relate deliberate changes in surface chemistry or physical properties to bacterial attachment and biofilm formation, while also examining immune-cell activation and inflammatory responses. This links materials design with the biological events occurring at infection-relevant interfaces.