Long-acting Formulations
Long-acting Formulations - Related Videos
02:11
Forces Acting on Chromosomes
0 Views •
2021
During mitosis, chromosome movements occur through the interplay of multiple piconewton level forces. In prometaphase, these forces help in chromosome assembly or congression at the equatorial plane, eventually leading to their alignment at the metaphase plate. The forces acting on the chromosomes are space and time-dependent; therefore, they vary with the position of the chromosomes as the cell progresses through mitosis. Microtubules and motor proteins exert two types of forces on...
02:11
Forces Acting on Chromosomes
0 Views •
2023
During mitosis, chromosome movements occur through the interplay of multiple piconewton level forces. In prometaphase, these forces help in chromosome assembly or congression at the equatorial plane, eventually leading to their alignment at the metaphase plate. The forces acting on the chromosomes are space and time-dependent; therefore, they vary with the position of the chromosomes as the cell progresses through mitosis. Microtubules and motor proteins exert two types of forces on...
08:55
Formulations for Freeze-drying of Bacteria and Their Influence on Cell Survival
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Cited by 22 •
2013
Freeze-drying is often an easy and convenient way to obtain dry products of viable bacterial cells. An issue of the process is cell survival. We detail here a procedure to investigate how cell survival during freeze-drying is influenced by the properties of the formulation used.
01:24
Evaluating the Effect of a Synbiotic Formulation on Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology in Drosophila
0 Views •
2025
Take a transgenic Drosophila.The brain of the Drosophila expresses the human amyloid peptide protein or APP and a cleaving enzyme.The enzyme cleaves APP, enabling the formation of beta-amyloid plaque, which leads toAlzheimer's disease or AD pathology in Drosophila.Feed the Drosophila AD model a diet containing a synbiotic formulation.The formulation contains a combination of three bioactive probiotic bacteria and a prebiotic.Inside the fly's gut, the prebiotic supports the growth and survival...
02:51
Monitoring Bacterial Growth in Distinct Media Formulations with an Automated Microbioreactor
0 Views •
2025
Source: Hemmerich, J., et al. Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology. J. Vis. Exp. (2017).This video demonstrates the use of an automated microbioreactor to monitor bacterial growth and fluorescent protein secretion in response to varying media formulations. A genetically modified bacterium expressing a secretory fluorescent protein is cultured under antibiotic selection and inoculated into nutrient-varied wells. Real-time optical...
FAQs
Drug release can be governed by diffusion, dissolution, or degradation of the delivery system. Injectable depots, biodegradable microspheres, implants, and drug-release matrices use these mechanisms to regulate how quickly the active ingredient becomes available. The resulting release pattern influences how steadily drug concentrations are maintained and how long the interval between administrations can be extended.
By supplying active ingredient over an extended period rather than through frequent separate doses, these formulations can smooth changes in drug levels. More consistent exposure may help maintain therapeutic concentrations while limiting pronounced peaks and troughs. The actual profile depends on release kinetics together with absorption and metabolism, so sustained delivery does not automatically guarantee uniform exposure.
The main pharmacological difference is the timing and pattern of drug availability. Frequent administration repeatedly introduces doses, whereas a long-acting system is designed to release or provide the active ingredient across a longer interval. This change can reduce administration frequency and concentration fluctuations, but it may also make treatment adjustment or discontinuation less immediate if adverse effects occur.
Release from the delivery system is only one part of overall drug exposure. After release, the active ingredient must be absorbed and then undergo metabolism, and both processes can influence the concentration-time profile. Pharmacological evaluation therefore considers release kinetics alongside absorption and metabolism to determine whether exposure remains appropriate throughout the intended dosing interval.
Development requires characterizing how the system releases its active ingredient and assessing the resulting drug exposure over time. Investigators examine release kinetics, absorption, metabolism, and safety, then consider whether the formulation can maintain therapeutic concentrations across its intended interval. They must also evaluate how readily treatment can be adjusted or discontinued when adverse effects arise.
These systems provide different physical ways to regulate delivery after administration. Injectable depots and implants retain the active ingredient at a delivery site, while biodegradable microspheres and drug-release matrices can control availability through dissolution, diffusion, or degradation. Selecting among them depends on the desired release behavior, dosing interval, exposure profile, and practical safety considerations.
They are particularly relevant when reducing administration frequency could support adherence or help maintain therapeutic drug concentrations. Weekly, monthly, or longer intervals may replace more frequent dosing, while lower concentration fluctuations can provide a more consistent exposure pattern. Their use still requires attention to safety and reversibility because persistent delivery can complicate rapid treatment changes.