Neuroendocrine Function
Neuroendocrine Function - Related Videos
12:04
Human Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Lines as a Three-Dimensional Model for the Study of Human Neuroendocrine Tumor Therapy
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Cited by 39 •
2012
We present a simple agarose overlay platform to grow 3D multicellular spheroids using neuroendocrine cancer cell lines. This method provides a very convenient way to examine the effect of therapeutic drugs on the neuroendocrine tumor cells. It could also help us establish human neuroendocrine tumor spheroids for cancer therapy.
02:38
Characterization of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumor Spheroids Using Immunofluorescence
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2025
Source: Ear, P. H., et. al. Establishment and Characterization of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumor Spheroids. J. Vis. Exp. (2019)This video demonstrates the immunofluorescence staining of small bowel neuroendocrine tumor spheroids. The spheroids are fixed, permeabilized, and blocked and are then incubated with primary and secondary antibodies. A dye is added to stain nuclei before mounting and visualizing them under a fluorescent microscope.
09:43
Establishment and Characterization of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumor Spheroids
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Cited by 19 •
2019
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) originate from neuroendocrine cells of the neural crest. They are slow growing and challenging to culture. We present an alternative strategy to grow NETs from the small bowel by culturing them as spheroids. These spheroids have small bowel NET markers and can be used for drug testing.
11:50
Genome-Wide Mapping of Histone Modifications and Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Neuroendocrine Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Using CUT&RUN
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2026
An optimized Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease followed by next generation sequencing (CUT&RUN-seq) protocol is described for neuroendocrine small cell lung cancer cell lines. It enables genome-wide mapping of various histone modifications and transcription factor (e.g. E2F7) binding sites to investigate epigenetic and transcriptional deregulation in SCLC pathobiology.
02:45
Functional Groups
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2020
Functional groups are a group of atoms with characteristic properties, which when linked to the carbon skeleton of a molecule, alter the properties of that molecule. For example, the presence of certain functional groups on a molecule will make them hydrophilic, whereas others will make them hydrophobic. These functional groups are an indispensable part of organic chemistry and important components of biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each...
FAQs
Hormonal signals can feed back to the brain and help regulate further endocrine activity. This feedback supports physiological balance by adjusting ongoing responses rather than allowing hormone release to proceed independently of the body's condition. In behavioral research, this principle helps connect changing internal states with sustained or modified patterns of stress, appetite, sleep, reproduction, and social behavior.
The hypothalamus links neural information about internal conditions and environmental cues to endocrine commands. By directing pituitary activity, it provides a route through which brain processing can affect hormone release and target tissues. This connection is important for understanding how circumstances outside the body can influence physiological states associated with behavior.
The relationship between behavior and endocrine activity is bidirectional. Behavioral experiences can alter physiological regulation, while hormone-linked pathways can influence subsequent behavior. This reciprocal relationship means that neuroendocrine research does not treat behavior merely as an outcome of hormone release. Instead, it examines how experience and physiology continually affect one another.
Neuroendocrine pathways are especially relevant to stress responses, reproduction, appetite, sleep, and social behavior. These areas illustrate how physiological regulation becomes expressed through behavior and how behavioral states may relate to internal hormonal conditions. Examining several domains together can reveal shared principles of brain, endocrine, and behavioral integration rather than isolating one response.
It provides a framework for explaining how brain activity and hormone release jointly influence behavioral patterns. The approach connects internal physiological states with responses to environmental conditions, making it useful for interpreting behavior as part of a broader regulatory system. It also highlights why behavioral changes may be accompanied by corresponding changes in endocrine regulation.
Research in this area can clarify how disruptions in coordinated brain and endocrine regulation relate to behavioral and physiological changes. Because the system participates in stress, reproduction, appetite, sleep, and social behavior, examining these pathways may help researchers understand disease-related alterations across several domains. The same perspective also supports investigation of how behavior affects physiological regulation during health and disease.