Mucosal Folds

Mucosal folds are ridges formed by the mucous membrane lining hollow organs, and they help organs expand, organize internal surfaces, and increase the area available for exchange or absorption. They arise when the mucosa, often together with underlying connective tissue and submucosa, bends into repeated projections; some folds flatten as an organ distends, while others remain more stable. In the digestive system, stomach rugae allow the stomach to accommodate food, whereas intestinal folds enlarge the absorptive surface and support efficient nutrient transfer. Studying mucosal folds helps explain organ structure, epithelial function, and how tissue architecture adapts to changing physiological demands.

Mucosal Folds - Related Videos

Education

JoVE Core - Molecular Biology

Molecular Chaperones and Protein Folding

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2020

The native conformation of a protein is formed by interactions between the side chains of its constituent amino acids. When the amino acids cannot form these interactions, the protein cannot fold by itself and needs chaperones. Notably, chaperones do not relay any additional information required for the folding of polypeptides; the native conformation of a protein is determined solely by its amino acid sequence. Chaperones catalyze protein folding without being a part of the folded protein. The...

Research

JoVE Journal - Bioengineering

Synthetic, Multi-Layer, Self-Oscillating Vocal Fold Model Fabrication

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Cited by 49 •

2011

The methodology for fabricating synthetic vocal fold models is described. The models are life-sized and mimic the multi-layer structure of the human vocal folds. Results show the models to self-oscillate at pressures comparable to lung pressure and demonstrate flow-induced vibratory responses that are similar to those of human vocal folds.

Protein Folding

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2020

Proteins are chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Upon synthesis, a protein folds into a three-dimensional conformation which is critical to its biological function. Interactions between its constituent amino acids guide protein folding, and hence the protein structure is primarily dependent on its amino acid sequence.Protein Structure Is Critical to Its Biological FunctionProteins perform a wide range of biological functions such as catalyzing chemical reactions, providing...

Protein Folding

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2026

Proteins are chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Upon synthesis, a protein folds into a three-dimensional conformation which is critical to its biological function. Interactions between its constituent amino acids guide protein folding, and hence the protein structure is primarily dependent on its amino acid sequence.Protein Structure Is Critical to Its Biological FunctionProteins perform a wide range of biological functions such as catalyzing chemical reactions, providing...

Quantification of Immune Mediator Levels in Human Mucosal Lining Fluid

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2025

This video demonstrates the quantification of immune mediator levels in neonatal human nasal mucosal lining fluid extract. An electrochemiluminescence-based multiplex assay system measures these mediators by evaluating the intensity of emitted light when they are excited.

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