Human Macrophages
Human Macrophages - Related Videos
06:46
Culture of Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor Differentiated Human Monocyte-derived Macrophages
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Cited by 58 •
2016
A protocol is presented for cell culture of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) differentiated human monocyte-derived macrophages. The protocol utilizes cryopreservation of monocytes coupled with their bulk differentiation into macrophages. Then harvested macrophages can then be seeded into culture wells at required cell densities for carrying out experiments.
04:56
Differentiation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Macrophages
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2025
This video describes an in vitro method for generating macrophages from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Macrophage generation from iPSCs occurs in three stages: (i) aggregation of iPSCs in suspension to form three-dimensional embryoid bodies (EBs) that differentiate into mesodermal cells, (ii) formation of macrophage precursor cells from the differentiated EBs, and (iii) differentiation of the macrophage precursor cells into mature, functional macrophages.
07:42
An In vitro Model to Study Heterogeneity of Human Macrophage Differentiation and Polarization
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Cited by 14 •
2013
Monocyte-derived macrophages are important cells of the innate immune system. Here, we describe an easy to use in vitro model to generate these cells. Using gradient centrifugation, negative bead isolation and specific cell culture conditions, monocyte-derived macrophages can be generated for phenotypic and functional studies.
03:37
Visualization of Extracellular Traps in Macrophages from Human Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids
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2025
This video demonstrates the immunolabeling of macrophage extracellular traps, METs, in bronchoalveolar macrophages from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and their visualization using a confocal microscope.
05:19
Visualization of Caspase Activation in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages
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2025
This video demonstrates the activation of caspase proteins in human macrophages using bimolecular fluorescence complementation reporter proteins. The pro-domains of caspase-1 are fused with non-fluorescent fragments of Venus proteins, which are recruited to inflammasome complexes. The proximity of inflammasomes induces the refolding and fluorescence of Venus fragments, confirming caspase activation in the macrophages.
FAQs
Surface receptors detect microbial or danger-associated signals, providing initial information that a threat or tissue disturbance is present. This recognition connects external sensing to two major responses: phagocytic uptake of targets and release of cytokines and chemokines. Macrophages can therefore respond directly while also influencing surrounding cells and the broader tissue response.
After phagocytosis, internalized material is exposed to lysosomal enzymes and reactive molecules that can destroy many pathogens. This intracellular step matters because engulfment alone does not ensure clearance. Examining both uptake and subsequent destructive activity helps distinguish recognition and internalization from effective antimicrobial handling within the macrophage.
Activation and polarization provide ways to examine how macrophage behavior changes with biological context. These states can influence whether cells primarily contribute to host defense, coordinate inflammation, or participate in tissue responses. In infection studies, comparing these features helps connect microbial interactions with disease progression, chronic inflammation, and possible immunomodulatory strategies.
Macrophages can process and present antigens after encountering material, creating a connection between innate sensing and adaptive immune responses. This function adds an immunological role beyond pathogen uptake and destruction. Considering antigen presentation alongside cytokine and chemokine release helps assess how macrophages shape inflammation and support later immune coordination.
Studies can examine three linked features: macrophage activation, polarization, and interactions with microbes. Considering them together relates cellular behavior to host defense, chronic inflammation, and infectious disease progression. Adding antigen processing and mediator release provides further context for interpreting how macrophage activity influences adaptive immunity and tissue responses.
Human macrophages can be studied across several connected aspects of infection: detecting microbial signals, handling internalized pathogens, communicating through cytokines and chemokines, and presenting antigens. This integrated view links cellular mechanisms with disease progression rather than treating pathogen clearance as an isolated event. It also supports investigation of potential immunomodulatory therapies.