Gut-homing Regulatory T Cells
Gut-homing Regulatory T Cells - Related Videos
08:02
In Vivo Augmentation of Gut-Homing Regulatory T Cell Induction
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Cited by 1 •
2020
Here we present a protocol for in vivo augmentation of gut-homing regulatory T cell induction. In this protocol, dendritic cells are engineered to locally produce high concentrations of the active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D or 1,25[OH]2D) and the active vitamin A (retinoic acid or RA) de novo.
10:25
Competitive Homing Assays to Study Gut-tropic T Cell Migration
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Cited by 11 •
2011
Competitive homing experiments allow to directly assessing the migratory properties of two different cell populations in a single mouse. Here we illustrate this procedure by comparing the migration of ex vivo-generated gut-tropic versus non-gut tropic T cells.
10:40
Homing of Hematopoietic Cells to the Bone Marrow
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Cited by 15 •
2009
This article describes a protocol used to study the homing of hematopoietic cells to their niches in the bone marrow.
09:27
New Tools to Expand Regulatory T Cells from HIV-1-infected Individuals
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Cited by 4 •
2013
CD4+ Regulatory T cells are potent immune-modulators and serve important functions in immune homeostasis. The paucity of these cells in peripheral blood makes functional studies challenging, specifically in the context of HIV-1-infection. We here describe a method to isolate and expand functional CD4+ Tregs from peripheral blood from HIV-1-infected individuals.
14:23
Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells
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Cited by 29 •
2012
We describe a method for generating regulatory, memory and naïve T cells from a single human blood donor. Polarized Tregs can be then compared to other subsets in a variety of genetic and functional applications with genetic homogeneity, including a suppression assay also detailed here.
FAQs
The integrin α4β7 and chemokine receptor CCR9 provide complementary address signals for intestinal trafficking. α4β7 responds to signals associated with intestinal blood vessels, while CCR9 responds to chemokine cues produced by epithelial or immune cells. Their combined activity helps guide regulatory T cells into intestinal sites, making receptor expression central to tissue-selective immune regulation.
Local signals determine where gut-homing regulatory T cells can efficiently migrate and function. Blood-vessel signals help support entry into intestinal tissues, whereas epithelial and immune-cell signals contribute chemokine cues that guide cells within the gut environment. This coordination links tissue location with immune suppression, allowing regulation to occur near dietary antigens, commensal microbes, and local tissues.
After reaching the intestine, these cells can restrain inflammation through several complementary mechanisms. They release inhibitory cytokines, use cell-contact mechanisms, and regulate other immune populations. Because these pathways act through both soluble signals and direct cellular interactions, their effects can extend beyond a single target cell and support broader intestinal immune homeostasis.
A useful study should connect trafficking with function by examining α4β7 and CCR9, the intestinal signals that engage them, and the cells’ location within gut tissues. Researchers can then relate these features to inhibitory cytokine activity, cell-contact regulation, and effects on other immune populations. This framework helps distinguish migration from the suppressive outcomes that follow.
Their biology may inform treatments for inflammatory bowel disease, infection-related inflammation, and other disorders involving impaired mucosal tolerance. The therapeutic interest comes from their ability to concentrate immune regulation in intestinal tissues, where uncontrolled responses can disrupt tolerance to dietary antigens, commensal microbes, or local tissues. Research therefore links trafficking mechanisms with potential disease-specific immune control.
Gut-homing regulatory T cells provide a way to study how the immune system balances tolerance with inflammation at mucosal surfaces. Their activity is relevant when intestinal defenses must coexist with dietary antigens and commensal microbes, as well as during infection-related inflammation. Examining their trafficking and suppression can clarify how protective responses are limited without abandoning local immune regulation.