Core Genome
Core Genome - Related Videos
02:10
The Nucleosome Core Particle
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2020
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins. The paradox Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
08:31
Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
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Cited by 2 •
2013
Single Virus Genomics (SVG) is a method to isolate and amplify the genomes of single virons. Viral suspensions of a mixed assemblage are sorted using flow cytometry onto a microscope slide with discrete wells containing agarose, thereby capturing the virion and reducing genome shearing during downstream processing. Whole genome amplification is achieved using multiple displacement amplification (MDA) resulting in genomic material that is suitable for sequencing.
02:02
Genomics
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2020
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
11:19
Genome-wide Analysis using ChIP to Identify Isoform-specific Gene Targets
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Cited by 13 •
2010
Here we are presenting a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) procedure for genome-wide location analysis of protein isoforms that differ in a histone-binding domain. We are applying it to ChIP-Seq analysis to identify the targets of the KDM5A/JARID1A/RBP2 histone demethylase.
08:31
Genome Editing
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2023
A well-established technique for modifying specific sequences in the genome is gene targeting by homologous recombination, but this method can be laborious and only works in certain organisms. Recent advances have led to the development of “genome editing”, which works by inducing double-strand breaks in DNA using engineered nuclease enzymes guided to target genomic sites by either proteins or RNAs that recognize specific sequences. When a cell attempts to repair this damage, mutations can be...
FAQs
Researchers use comparative genomics to align genome sequences from members of a defined species or taxonomic group. They then determine which genes occur consistently across the examined isolates and separate those sequences from genes that appear only in some members. This comparison reveals the conserved genetic foundation shared by the studied population.
The shared genome depends on which organisms researchers include in the comparison. A narrowly defined group may show a more specific set of consistently occurring genes, whereas a broader taxonomic group can emphasize more widely conserved functions. Clearly defining the population therefore determines how researchers interpret conservation, diversity, and evolutionary relationships.
Comparing conserved core genes with variable accessory genes helps researchers distinguish stable biological functions from genetic differences among strains. Accessory genes may be acquired or lost through evolution, creating variation that can contribute to differences in adaptation and phenotype. The contrast therefore connects genome composition with both shared survival requirements and population diversity.
A typical analysis begins by collecting genome sequences from members of the selected group and aligning them through comparative genomics. Researchers identify genes present consistently across the isolates, classify those sequences as part of the core, and distinguish them from variable accessory genes. The resulting conserved set can then support evolutionary and biological interpretation.
Because core sequences are shared across the members being compared, they provide a stable set of genetic features for examining relationships among strains. Researchers can use patterns in these conserved sequences to support phylogeny and species classification, while accessory variation supplies additional context about differences that arose during evolution within or among related populations.
Core-genome analysis helps investigate essential cellular processes by focusing on genes conserved across the studied population. It also provides a framework for examining microbial diversity, adaptation, and relationships among strains. In this way, researchers can connect widely retained genetic functions with survival while using variable regions to study differences in phenotype and evolutionary history.