Granule Cell Migration
Granule Cell Migration - Related Videos
09:10
Ex Vivo Imaging of Postnatal Cerebellar Granule Cell Migration Using Confocal Macroscopy
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Cited by 8 •
2015
During postnatal cerebellum development, immature granule cells originating from the germinal zone exhibit distinct modalities of migration to reach their final destination and to establish neuronal networks. This protocol describes the preparation of cerebellar slices and the confocal macroscopic approach used to investigate the factors that regulate neuronal migration.
03:59
Ex Vivo Imaging of Postnatal Cerebellar Granule Cell Migration Using Confocal Macroscopy
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2025
Source: Bénard, M., et al. Ex Vivo Imaging of Postnatal Cerebellar Granule Cell Migration Using Confocal Macroscopy. J. Vis. Exp. (2015)This video demonstrates a confocal macroscopic method to track the ex vivo migration of granule cells in cerebellar slices from postnatal rat brains.
09:07
Genetic Manipulation of Cerebellar Granule Neurons In Vitro and In Vivo to Study Neuronal Morphology and Migration
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Cited by 8 •
2014
Neuronal morphogenesis and migration are crucial events underlying proper brain development. Here, we describe methods to genetically manipulate cultured cerebellar granule neurons and the developing cerebellum for the assessment of morphology and migratory characteristics of neurons.
16:01
Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis
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Cited by 9 •
2015
The goal of the present protocol was to develop a method that will allow functional genomic analyses of mast cell secretion. The protocol is based on quantitative assessment of the release of a fluorescent reporter gene cotrasfected with the gene of interest and real time analyses of the secretory granule's morphology.
03:34
An In Vitro Technique to Visualize Exocytosis of Secretory Granules in Mast Cells
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2025
This video demonstrates a technique to visualize exocytosis in mast cells. The cells are incubated with FITC-dextran — a fluorescent reporter — which is taken up by cells inside secretory granules (SGs), where the acidic pH quenches its fluorescence. Upon stimulation of granule exocytosis, the medium's higher pH induces reporter fluorescence inside the fused SGs, which is visualized using a fluorescence microscope.
FAQs
Bergmann glial fibers provide the structural pathway that immature granule cells follow as they move inward from the external germinal layer. Their presence helps establish the direction of travel, while extracellular cues and intracellular cytoskeletal remodeling coordinate movement along that pathway. Disruption of any part of this relationship can alter neuronal positioning during cerebellar development.
Pharmacological agents can interfere with migration by altering neurotransmitter signaling, calcium-dependent pathways, or cytoskeletal function. These mechanisms influence how cells respond to extracellular guidance cues and how they remodel internal structures for movement. As a result, exposure may change the direction, timing, or completion of migration and ultimately affect the organization of developing cerebellar circuits.
Direction and timing determine whether immature neurons reach their appropriate positions before cerebellar circuits become organized. Migration that proceeds along the intended path supports later maturation and circuit formation, whereas altered movement can leave cells incorrectly positioned or developmentally mistimed. Pharmacological changes in signaling or cytoskeletal activity are therefore important when evaluating developmental effects.
These studies can show how neuronal positioning contributes to the organization of functional neural circuits in the cerebellum. Researchers can examine whether altered migration is associated with changes in maturation or circuit formation, providing a cellular perspective on developmental disruption. The approach is especially relevant when investigating how external compounds influence neural development.
Granule cell migration provides a developmental endpoint for examining whether pharmacological exposure interferes with neuronal organization. Researchers can assess effects on movement, positioning, timing, and maturation after altering neurotransmitter signaling, calcium-dependent pathways, or cytoskeletal function. Such findings help connect compound-induced cellular changes with possible disruption of cerebellar development and neural circuit formation.
Studies should focus on mechanisms identified as capable of changing neuronal movement: neurotransmitter signaling, calcium-dependent pathways, and cytoskeletal function. Examining these categories helps distinguish whether an agent affects external guidance responses, intracellular regulation, or the structural remodeling required for migration. This framework supports interpretation of drug-related changes in cerebellar neuronal positioning and development.