Tumor Infiltration
Tumor Infiltration - Related Videos
07:49
Evaluation of Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Subsets in a Subcutaneous Tumor Model
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Cited by 15 •
2015
This protocol describes a method for the detailed evaluation of leukocyte subsets within the tumor microenvironment in a mouse tumor model. Chemerin-expressing B16 melanoma cells were implanted subcutaneously into syngeneic mice. Cells from the tumor microenvironment were then stained and analyzed by flow cytometry, allowing for detailed leukocyte subset analyses.
02:02
A Three-Dimensional Co-culture Model of Infiltrating T Cells in Tumor Spheroids
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2025
This video demonstrates a method to establish a three-dimensional tumor spheroid and T cell co-culture. An agarose cast with microwells containing tumor spheroids is prepared, followed by the addition of T cells. After incubation, this setup allows studying the interaction of T cells with tumor spheroids in a controlled three-dimensional environment.
06:18
Isolating Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells from a Murine Brain
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2025
The video demonstrates the isolation of tumor-infiltrating peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a mouse brain using mechanical dissociation and enzymatic digestion. This is followed by density gradient centrifugation to collect the immune cells for further analysis.
10:03
Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Melanoma Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes
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Cited by 6 •
2016
The goal of this protocol is to show the protocol for reprogramming melanoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes into induced pluripotent stem cells.
08:42
Establishment of a Co-culture System of Patient-Derived Colorectal Tumor Organoids and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs)
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Cited by 1 •
2025
The protocol describes a method for creating a patient-derived colorectal cancer (CRC) organoid model co-cultured with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) to study their interactions and therapeutic potential. This model provides a preclinical platform to explore immune responses in the tumor microenvironment and to predict the efficacy of TIL-based therapy for personalized CRC treatment.
FAQs
Tumor Infiltration depends on coordinated changes rather than a single cellular event. Malignant cells alter their adhesion to neighboring cells and surrounding structures, degrade components of the extracellular matrix, and migrate through the tissue stroma. Together, these changes remove physical barriers and allow tumor cells to advance beyond the site where the lesion initially developed.
The extracellular matrix forms part of the structural framework surrounding tissues. When malignant cells degrade this matrix, they can move through the stroma instead of remaining confined to their original location. This process is therefore closely connected to local invasion and provides a mechanistic explanation for why changes in tissue architecture are important when evaluating the behavior of a tumor.
Entry into lymphatic or blood vessels indicates that malignant cells have moved beyond the immediate tissue environment and gained access to transport pathways. This finding is clinically relevant because it can extend the assessment from local invasion to possible spread through the body. Consequently, vascular or lymphatic involvement contributes important context for pathological staging and prognosis.
Assessment begins with a biopsy or surgical specimen that contains the tumor and adjacent tissue. The examination focuses on whether malignant cells extend into surrounding normal tissues and whether the pattern of local invasion is present. Findings can then be considered alongside the specimen’s resection margins, helping clinicians determine whether the sampled or removed tissue adequately represents the local disease.
The documented extent of local invasion supplies information used in pathological staging, while examination of resection margins indicates whether tumor remains at the edges of removed tissue. These observations also contribute to prognosis because they describe how far the malignancy has extended within the local region. Together, they help place specimen findings into a clinically meaningful framework.
Immune-cell infiltration examines the tumor microenvironment rather than only the movement of malignant cells through normal tissue. The presence and pattern of infiltrating immune cells can provide information for biomarker research and may help investigate responses relevant to immunotherapy. Thus, clinical evaluation can consider both tumor invasion and the surrounding immune context when studying disease behavior and treatment-related questions.