Name: laboratory chemical spill response stations
Uploaded: 2023-04-30T06:57:05.000Z
Duration: 5 min 3 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Specialised Topic in Science

112.51.c.1.

112.51.c.1.C.

Emergency Eyewash and Shower Stations

1. 안과
<ol><li>사용<ol>
<li>비상 안구 건조소는 사고를 당할 경우 눈에서 손상또는 부식성 물질을 플러시하기 위해 물을 사용합니다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>사양<ol>
<li>응급 안구는 눈 오염이 발생할 수 있는 위치에서 10초 도보 시간 내에 위치해야 합니다. 문에 국한되지 않고 안과로 가는 길을 막는 장애물은 없어야 합니다. 안구는 또한 위험이 있는 지역과 동일한 층에 위치해야 합니다.</li>
		<li>비상 안구 세척소는 식수 공급원으로 식수를 필요로 합니다.</li>
		<li>안구세척물의 온도는 60°F와 100°F(16°C- 38°C) 사이에서 유지되어야 한다.</li>
		<li>물은 사용자의 눈을 손상시키지 않도록 유동 속도가 충분히 낮게 15 분 이상 분당 0.4 갤런의 유량을 유지할 수 있어야합니다.</li>
		<li>안구는 1 초 이내에 수동으로 열 수 있어야하며 사용자가 꺼질 때까지 물이 계속 흐를 수 있어야합니다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>정비<ol>
<li>안과 장은 환경 보건 및 안전 책임자에 의해 매년 검사되어야합니다.</li>
		<li>실험실 직원은 적절한 작업 순서를 보장하고 안구세척제의 퇴적물의 축적을 제거하기 위해, 3 분 동안 물을 흐르는 비상 안구 세척소를 매주 검사해야합니다. 주간 검사를 문서화하는 로그북은 유지관리해야 합니다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>수술 다음 단계는 비상 사태의 경우 응급 안구 세척제를 작동하는 데 사용해야합니다.<ol>
<li>눈에 유해한 화학 물질이 노출되는 경우 즉시 안과소로 이동하십시오. 처음 몇 초 동안 노출되면 눈에 돌이킬 수 없는 손상을 입을 수 있으므로 안과세척에 도달하는 데 시간이 낭비되어서는 안 됩니다.</li>
		<li>안구 레버를 밀어 물의 흐름을 시작합니다.</li>
		<li>오염된 눈을 손가락으로 열고 수면 흐름에 잠수하는 눈을 최소 15분 간 누울 수 있습니다. 눈을 감아 눈 전체를 철저히 씻어내도록 합니다.</li>
		<li>접착을 착용하는 경우 물로 눈을 붉게하기 전에 이를 제거하기 위해 멈추지 마십시오. 대신, 눈이 물로 플러시되는 동안 접촉을 제거합니다.</li>
		<li>의사의 진료를 받으십시오.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>2. 실험실 샤워
<ol><li>사용<ol>
<li>응급 샤워 스테이션은 우발적 인 화학 물질 유출의 경우 신체에서 손상 또는 부식성 물질을 플러시하기 위해 물을 사용합니다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>사양<ol>
<li>비상 샤워는 신체 오염이 발생하는 위치에서 10 s 도보 시간 내에 있어야합니다. 문에 국한되지 않고 샤워 경로를 차단하는 장애물이 없어야합니다. 샤워는 또한 잠재적인 위험을 포함하는 지역과 같은 층에 위치해야합니다.</li>
		<li>샤워의 수원은 식수여야 합니다.</li>
		<li>물의 온도는 60 °F 와 100 ° F (16 ° C - 38 ° C) 사이에서 유지되어야한다.</li>
		<li>물은 적어도 15 분 동안 분당 적어도 20 갤런의 유량을 유지할 수 있어야합니다.</li>
		<li>샤워는 최대 1초 만에 켜지고 사용자가 꺼낼 때까지 계속 켜질 수 있어야 합니다.</li>
		<li>샤워 물 기둥의 높이는 82 인치와 96 인치 사이여야합니다.</li>
		<li>물 기둥의 직경은 바닥 위의 60 인치에서 적어도 20 인치여야합니다.</li>
		<li>샤워용 인클로저는 직경이 34인치 이상이어야 합니다. 실험실 비상 샤워시 인클로저가 필요하지 않습니다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>정비<ol>
<li>샤워 스테이션은 조직의 환경 보건 및 안전 책임자에 의해 매년 검사되어야합니다.</li>
		<li>실험실 직원은 적절한 작업 조건을 보장하기 위해 매주 비상 샤워 스테이션을 검사해야합니다. 주간 검사를 문서화하는 로그북은 유지관리해야 합니다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>수술 다음 단계는 비상 사태의 경우 비상 샤워 스테이션을 운영하는 데 사용해야합니다 .<ol>
<li>인체에 유해한 화학 물질이 노출되는 경우 즉시 샤워 스테이션으로 이동하십시오. 처음 몇 초 동안 노출되면 돌이킬 수 없는 손상을 입을 수 있으므로 샤워에 도착하는 데 시간을 낭비해서는 안됩니다.</li>
		<li>오염된 옷, 신발 또는 기타 복장을 제거하십시오. 옷을 제거하는 것에 대해 부끄러워하지 마십시오. 유출 된 화학 물질의 주요 위치가 신체의 옷을 입은 부분에 있다면 화학 물질로 포화됩니다. 노출되지 않은 신체 부위와 접촉할 경우 옷을 조심스럽게 제거하십시오. 어떤 경우에는, 신속하고 안전한 제거를 위해 옷을 자르는 것이 더 적절할 수 있습니다.</li>
		<li>샤워 레버를 당겨 물의 흐름을 시작하고 적어도 15 분 동안 물로 영향을받는 지역을 플러시하십시오.</li>
		<li>의사의 진료를 받으십시오.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>

인체 나 눈에 영향을 미치는 화학 물질 유출 이나 스플래시의 경우, 오염 된 개인 비상 안구 세척제 또는 샤워 스테이션에 액세스 하는 시간을 낭비 하지 않아야. 노출 된 사람이 화학 물질 유출의 위험을 확신하지 못하면 항상 안과 또는 샤워를 사용하는 것이 좋습니다. 그러나 이러한 사고를 방지하기 위해 유해 물질을 취급할 때 적절한 실험실 복장을 착용해야 합니다. 실험실 직원은 사용하는 자료에 대해 잘 알고 있어야 하며 적절한 처리 기술에 대해 교육을 받아야 합니다.

응급 눈 세척 및 샤워 스테이션

로버트 M. 리우, 펜실베이니아 주립 대학교, 유니버시티 파크, 펜실베이니아
산업안전보건청(OSHA)은 사람이 상해 및/또는 부식성 물질에 노출될 수 있는 모든 직장에서 비상 안과 및 샤워 스테이션에 쉽게 접근할 수 있도록 규정하고 있습니다. 응급 안과 및 샤워 스테이션은 유해하고 부식성 화학 물질이 신체에 유출되거나 이러한 화학 물질이 눈에 튀는 것과 관련된 실험실 또는 작업장 사고의 경우에 사용되어야합니다. 그러나 안과 및 샤워 스테이션은 실험실 코트와 보호 안경을 포함한 적절한 보호 장비(PPE)를 대체할 수 없으며, 유해 화학물질을 취급할 때항상 착용해야 합니다. PPE의 적절한 선택을 위해 조직의 환경 보건 및 안전 (EHS) 사무실을 참조하십시오.

Robert M. Rioux, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mandates that an emergency ...

유해 화학 물질이 존재하는 모든 실험실과 작업장에는 비상 안약 및 샤워 스테이션이 설치됩니다. 눈 세척제와 비상 샤워기는 각각 눈과 피부에 닿는 유해하거나 부식성 화학 물질을 씻어내는 데 사용됩니다. 이 비디오는 비상 안약 및 샤워기의 올바른 사용 및 유지 관리를 보여주고 관련 안전 조치에 대해 설명합니다. 화학 물질을 취급하기 전에 안전 데이터 시트를 참조하여 노출과 관련된 위험에 익숙해지십시오. 실험실 관리자와 환경 보건 및 안전 사무소에 사용 중인 재료 및 절차를 알립니다. 화학 물질 노출 위험을 줄이려면 실험복, 고글, 장갑과 같은 보호복을 착용하십시오. 흡입 가능성을 추가로 줄이기 위해 흄 후드 아래에서 위험한 화학 물질을 처리하십시오. 비상 안약 스테이션은 물을 사용하여 노출된 경우 눈에서 위험하거나 부식성 물질을 씻어냅니다. 유해 화학 물질로 작업하기 전에 작업 공간과 안약 사이에 장애물, 계단 또는 문이 없는지 확인하십시오. 같은 층에 작업 공간을 설정하여 10초 이내에 안약에 도달할 수 있도록 합니다.유해하거나 알 수 없는 물질에 노출된 경우 즉시 안약을 찾으십시오. 노출 후 처음 몇 초 동안 가장 큰 손상이 발생하는 경향이 있기 때문에 시간이 중요합니다. 엎질러진 것을 청소하거나 콘택트렌즈를 제거하기 위해 멈추지 마십시오. 눈 세척 레버를 활성화합니다. 이것은 물의 흐름을 시작합니다. 마지막으로 눈꺼풀을 뜨고 눈을 개울에 담그십시오. 철저히 세척할 수 있도록 굴립니다. 눈이 홍조되는 동안 콘택트렌즈를 제거하십시오. 최소 15분 동안 씻은 다음 의사의 진료를 받으십시오. 비상 샤워기는 피부에서 위험하거나 부식성 물질을 씻어냅니다. 눈 세척제의 경우와 마찬가지로 작업 공간에서 샤워실까지의 경로에는 장애물, 문 또는 계단이 없어야 합니다. 작업 공간에서 샤워실까지 이동하는 데 10초 이상 걸리지 않습니다. 피부가 유해하거나 알 수 없는 물질에 노출된 경우 즉시 샤워를 하러 가십시오. 다시 말하지만, 오염으로 인한 가장 큰 피해는 노출 후 처음 몇 초 동안 발생하는 경향이 있습니다. 엎질러진 것을 청소하기 위해 멈추지 마십시오. 오염된 옷, 신발 또는 기타 의복은 신속하게 제거하십시오. 주저하거나 부끄러워하지 마십시오, 옷은 화합물을 피부에 붙잡아 더 손상을 줄 수 있습니다. 오염된 옷이 노출되지 않은 신체 부위에 닿지 않도록 주의하세요. 필요에 따라 옷을 잘라주세요.마지막으로 샤워 레버를 당겨 물의 흐름을 시작합니다. 이것은 물의 흐름을 시작합니다. 최소 15분 동안 해당 부위를 씻어낸 다음 의사의 진료를 받으십시오. 안전한 작동을 위해 안약과 샤워기는 다음 사양을 준수해야 합니다. 둘 다 화씨 60도에서 100도의 식수를 사용합니다. 둘 다 켜는 데 최대 1초가 소요되어야 하며 사용자가 끌 때까지 계속 흐르고 있어야 합니다. 눈 세척제는 최소 15분 동안 분당 0.4갤런의 유속을 유지해야 하며, 샤워기는 최소 15분 동안 분당 20갤런의 유량을 유지해야 합니다.샤워기는 높이 82인치에서 96인치 사이의 물기둥을 생성해야 하며 높이 60인치에서 직경 20인치 이상이어야 합니다. 샤워기에 인클로저가 있는 경우 인클로저의 직경은 34인치 이상이어야 합니다. 눈 세척제와 샤워기는 실험실 기술자가 매주 3분 동안 실행하고 결과를 로그북에 유지하여 검사해야 합니다. 또한 환경 보건 및 안전 책임자가 매년 검사해야 합니다. 방금 JoVE의 Emergency Eyewash and Shower Stations에 대한 소개를 시청했습니다. 이제 관련 안전 조치, 눈 세척 및 샤워기 작동 절차, 올바른 사양 및 유지 관리를 이해해야 합니다. 시청해 주셔서 감사합니다!

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laboratory chemical spill response stations

Laboratory chemical spill response stations help protect people who are exposed to injurious or corrosive substances. In workplaces and school labs, OSHA requires emergency eyewash and shower stations to be easy to reach when these hazards are present.

These stations are used after an accident that spills a harmful chemical on the body or splashes it into the eyes. The eyewash station helps rinse the eyes, while the shower station is used for chemicals on the skin or clothing. They are meant for emergency cleanup after exposure, not for routine washing.

Emergency stations do not replace proper personal protective equipment, or PPE. Laboratory coats and protective eyewear should still be worn when handling hazardous chemicals. For help choosing the right PPE, students and staff should follow guidance from their organization’s Environmental Health and Safety, or EHS, office.

Laboratory Chemical Spill Response Stations

laboratory-chemical-spill-response-stations

proper personal protective equipment

Choosing the Right Lab PPE

Choosing the right lab PPE is a key part of working safely in a laboratory. PPE, or personal protective equipment, helps reduce risk when hazards are present. Laboratory hazards can be many and varied. The right choice of PPE helps make the lab a safe place to work. Students should match their protective gear to the tasks and conditions in the lab. This topic focuses on selecting proper protection for the situation at hand. Wearing the correct PPE supports safer lab work and helps limit...

emergency eyewash and shower stations

Laboratory chemical spill response stations help protect people who are exposed to injurious or corrosive substances. In workplaces and school labs, OSHA requires emergency eyewash and shower stations to be easy to reach when these hazards are present. These stations are used after an accident that spills a harmful chemical on the body or splashes it into the eyes. The eyewash station helps rinse the eyes, while the shower station is used for chemicals on the skin or clothing. They are meant...

electrical safety

Preventing Lab Electric Shock and Fires

Electrical hazards are a common lab safety concern. Most laboratory equipment uses electricity to work, so students and lab staff must stay alert around cords, plugs, and powered devices. Improper use of electrical equipment can cause electric shock. In serious cases, this can lead to injury or death. Electrical sparks are also dangerous in the lab. They can start a fire or trigger an explosion. This risk matters because many flammable chemicals may be stored near powered instruments. Knowing...

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Centrifuge Safety and Sample Separation

Centrifuges are used to separate heterogeneous mixtures by spinning particles in a fluid at high speed. The motion creates a force away from the axis of rotation. Heavier particles move faster toward the bottom of the sample holder, and the rate depends on particle size and density. This process is called centrifugation, and it speeds up sedimentation, which is the settling of particles out of a liquid. Gravity can separate some mixtures on its own, but that can take a long time.

working with hot and cold sources

Safe Use of Lab Heat and Cold Sources

Safe use of lab heat and cold sources is an important part of laboratory work. Extreme temperatures are common in many lab tasks. They can involve both high heat and very low temperatures. Bunsen burners and hot plates are widely used in research labs and industry. A Bunsen burner is a gas burner that gives a direct flame. A hot plate is an electric device that warms containers without an open flame. Because these tools reach high temperatures, users need to follow safe handling procedures. <br...

guidelines in case of a laboratory emergency

guidelines-in-case-of-a-laboratory-emergency

Lab Spill and Accident Response Basics

Lab spill and accident response basics help students stay safe during common laboratory emergencies. The most common lab emergencies include chemical spills, fire or explosion, electric shock, and personnel injuries. Many accidents happen because of poor planning or lack of attention, so prevention is always the first step. Good lab safety starts before an emergency happens. Students should wear proper personal protective equipment, or PPE, in the laboratory. Regular lab inspection and...

chemical storage: categories, hazards and compatibilities

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Safe Chemical Labels and Storage Basics

Safe chemical storage and labeling help prevent dangerous reactions in school and research labs. Chemicals can vary widely in their properties and reactivity, so they must be managed, stored, and labeled correctly as part of an Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) program. If chemicals are not handled properly, they can create harmful or even destructive results. These risks include toxic fume production, fire, explosion, human fatality, property damage, and environmental hazards. Proper...

safe handling of mineral acids

Mineral Acids in the Lab

Mineral acids are common chemicals in research laboratories, and they must be handled with care. These acids, also called inorganic acids, are water-soluble acids formed from inorganic minerals by chemical reaction. Their corrosive nature makes them a major safety risk in the lab. Examples of mineral acids include boric acid, chromic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfuric acid. These acids are important reagents in research, and...

handling chemical spills

Chemical Spill Safety in the Lab

Chemical spill safety in the lab is essential whenever hazardous chemicals are used. Spills can happen at any time during laboratory work. Even a small spill can become dangerous if people are not prepared to respond quickly and correctly. Preparing for a chemical spill helps protect public health and the environment. Lab teams need to know how to respond to accidental releases of hazardous chemicals before an emergency happens. Safe cleanup also depends on proper disposal of the spilled...

proper use of autoclaves

Autoclaving Lab Materials Safely

Autoclaving lab materials safely is an important part of decontamination in the laboratory. This method is commonly used for items that have contacted biological samples, especially those that may contain microorganisms. An autoclave cleans materials with pressurized steam at a high temperature. The steam and heat work together to kill microorganisms on the loaded items. For this reason, effective autoclaving depends on good steam flow and strong heat transfer. Packaging matters because it...

fume hoods and laminar flow cabinets

Airflow Controls for Safer Lab Workspaces

Fume hoods and laminar flow cabinets are airflow controls used in laboratories. They both rely on a constant stream of air to protect the lab environment and the people in it. These systems work in similar ways, but they serve different purposes. A fume hood is a ventilation system that helps reduce exposure to hazardous vapors, fumes, and particles. Air is drawn into the hood opening, which helps keep harmful substances inside the workspace. The air is then pulled out through the exhaust. A...

handling air- and water-sensitive chemicals using a schlenk line

handling-air-and-water-sensitive-chemicals-using-a-schlenk-line

Schlenk Line Setup for Inert Atmospheres

A Schlenk line helps chemists work with air- and water-sensitive chemicals. It provides an air-free way to handle reagents that can react with oxygen or moisture. This makes it useful in a chemical laboratory when careful control of the atmosphere is needed. The glass apparatus is commonly used because it can create an inert gas environment or a vacuum. Inert gases such as nitrogen and argon can be used to protect the reaction. The same setup can also expose glassware to vacuum when needed. A...

proper operation of vacuum based equipment

proper-operation-of-vacuum-based-equipment

Vacuum Pumps for Laboratory Procedures

Vacuum pumps are used in many laboratory procedures that need low pressure. They help create vacuum conditions for experiments and equipment that must run below normal atmospheric pressure. In the lab, vacuum pumps are the most common way to achieve this low-pressure environment. They can also support rapid changes in the atmosphere inside a reactor or flask. This is done by evacuating the vessel and then backfilling it with another gas.

operating the glovebox

Glovebox Atmosphere and Sample Transfer

A glovebox is an enclosed workspace that keeps an inert atmosphere inside. Scientists use built-in gloves to handle chemicals or equipment without exposing the inside of the box to outside air. The box uses positive pressure to help make up for small passive leaks. Objects can be moved in and out through an antechamber, which works like an airlock between the glovebox and the outside atmosphere. Some gloveboxes have more than one pair of gloves. The number of glove ports depends on the size...

operation of high-pressure reactor vessels

operation-of-high-pressure-reactor-vessels

Safe Use of Pressure Vessels in Chemistry

High-pressure reactor vessels are used in synthetic chemistry to handle gases safely during reactions. They help chemists carry out gas-based processes such as hydrogenation, oxidation, and amination. These reactions often use hydrogen, oxygen, or ammonia, which are important reagents in the lab. These gases usually dissolve poorly in standard reaction mixtures. Because of that, high pressure is needed to make the reaction proceed at a useful rate. The vessel creates a sealed space that keeps...

decontamination for laboratory biosafety

Lab Cleaning Methods for Biosafety

Laboratory cleaning methods are a key part of biosafety because microbial contamination can build up and spread disease. Decontamination is used to reduce that risk on lab surfaces and equipment. The level of cleaning depends on how much contamination is present and what kind of item needs treatment. Decontamination can be grouped into disinfection and sterilization. Disinfection removes pathogenic microorganisms, but it does not remove bacterial spores on lab surfaces or equipment.

proper waste disposal

Lab Waste Management and Safety

Lab waste management and safety are essential parts of any laboratory activity. Waste generated during work must be handled correctly from the moment it is created until it reaches its final offsite disposal facility. Poor waste disposal can seriously harm public health and the environment. A waste management system should be planned before any lab work begins. This system guides how waste is collected, stored, and prepared for removal. For hazardous waste, special rules apply because its...

lab safety

이 컬렉션은 위험 물질 및 장비로 작업할 때 따라야 할 안전 지침을 제공합니다. PPE, 전기 안전 및 일반 비상 지침과 같은 보편적인 주제와 화학 및 생물학 실험실을 위한 특정 안전 절차를 다룹니다.

Learn when emergency eyewash and shower stations are required in labs, how they respond to chemical spills, and why PPE like lab coats and goggles is still needed.

Laboratory Chemical Spill Response Stations | JoVE K12

Chemistry

CHEM.1

CHEM.1.C

Biology

BIO.1

BIO.1.C

Physics

PHYS.1

PHYS.1.C

Chemistry and Physics

IPC.1

IPC.1.C

Robert Rioux

Overview

Basic Safety Measures

Emergency Eyewash

Emergency Shower

Specifications and Maintenance

Summary

The Scientific Method

The scientific method is a detailed, empirical problem-solving process used by biologists and other scientists. This iterative approach involves ...

Inductive Reasoning

Inductive reasoning is a form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion. It is uncertain and operates in ...

Deductive Reasoning

Deductive reasoning, or deduction, is the type of logic used in hypothesis-based science. In deductive reasoning, the pattern of thinking moves in the ...

Correlation and Causation

Correlation and CausationStatistical tests can calculate whether there is a relationship, or correlation, between independent and dependent variables. A ...

Ask questions and define problems related to specialized topics of study based on observations or information from text, phenomena, models, or investigations;

112.51.c.1.A.

Scientific Method

The scientific method is used to solve problems and explain phenomena. The development of the scientific method coincided with changes in philosophy ...

Demonstrating the Scientific Method with Tree Branches
ExpandObtain branches containing a few dozen typical leaves from five different local tree species. ...

Observation and Background Research
ExpandNOTE: The first two steps in the scientific process involve studying and observing natural phenomena of ...

Problem-Solving

A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. It involves trial and error, algorithms, heuristics, and insights. Effective ...

Problem Definition

Problem definition is the initial and the most essential step in research.
The researcher identifies and explains the specific issue or gap to be ...

Apply science practices related to specialized topics of study to plan and conduct investigations or use engineering practices to design solutions to problems;

112.51.c.1.B.

Proper Personal Protective Equipment

Robert M. Rioux &#38; William A Elliott, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Hazards are many and varied in the laboratory, but the right ...

Electrical Safety

Robert M. Rioux &amp; Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Among the many hazards present in the laboratory, electrical ...

Working with Centrifuges

Source: Robert M. Rioux &amp; Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Earth's gravitational force is capable of separating ...

Working with Hot and Cold Sources

Source: Robert M. Rioux &amp; Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Working with extreme temperatures, both high and low, ...

Guidelines in Case of a Laboratory Emergency

Robert M. Rioux &amp; Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
The most common laboratory emergencies include chemical spills, ...

Chemical Storage: Categories, Hazards And Compatibilities

Source: Robert M. Rioux &amp; Taslima A. Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
While the use of various chemicals in experimental ...

Safe Handling of Mineral Acids

Source: Robert M. Rioux &#38; Taslima A. Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
A mineral acid (or inorganic acid) is defined as a ...

Handling Chemical Spills

Source: Robert M. Rioux &#38; Taslima Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Since chemicals are commonly used for laboratory research ...

Proper Use of Autoclaves

Robert M. Rioux &amp; Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Autoclaving is one of the most commonly used methods in the ...

Fume Hoods and Laminar Flow Cabinets

Robert M. Rioux &amp; William A. Elliott, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Fume hoods and laminar flow cabinets are engineering controls ...

Decontamination for Laboratory Biosafety

Robert M. Rioux and Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Decontamination is essential for laboratory biosafety, as the ...

Proper Waste Disposal

Robert M. Rioux and Taslima A. Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA

Users are responsible for the proper disposal of the waste ...

Use appropriate safety equipment and practices during laboratory, classroom, and field investigations as outlined in Texas Education Agency-approved safety standards;

Common Lab Glassware and Uses

Source: Laboratory of Dr. Neal Abrams &#8212; SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry
Glassware is a regular appearance in the professional ...

Lab Techniques

Measurement Accuracy
The ability to repeat an experiment and get the same results, or reproducibility, is essential in scientific research. However, ...

Source: Smaa Koraym at Johns Hopkins University, MD, USA

	Preparation of LaboratoryExpand
	Here we show the laboratory preparation for 10 students ...

Source: Smaa Koraym at Johns Hopkins University, MD, USA

	Determining the Density of an EggExpand
	Density is a measure of how compact a substance or ...

Proper Lab Notebook Keeping

Organic Lab Notebook Keeping
Record keeping is a vital skill in science and organic chemistry labs. Without proper notes, descriptions, quantities, or ...

Source: Lara Al Hariri at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA

	Preparation of the LaboratoryExpand
	Here, we show the laboratory preparation ...

Source: Lara Al Hariri and Ahmed Basabrain at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA

	Nitration of Methyl BenzoateExpand
	From this lab onward, ...

Use tools appropriate to the specialized topic of study;

112.51.c.1.D.

SI Units: 2019 Redefinition

Measurement is integral to analytical chemistry. Each record comprises a number &#8211; denoting the magnitude&#160; &#8211; and the unit &#8211; a ...

International System of Units

The International System of Units, known as the SI system, is a universally accepted measurement system recognized and used worldwide. The SI system is ...

Measurement: Standard Units

Every measurement provides three kinds of information: the size or magnitude of the measurement (a number), a standard of comparison for the measurement ...

Measurement: Derived Units

The International System of Units or SI system, by international agreement, has fixed measurement units for seven fundamental properties: length, mass, ...

Collect quantitative data using the International System of Units (SI) or qualitative data as evidence as appropriate to the specialized topic of study;

112.51.c.1.E.

Review and Preview

Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative ...

What is a Frequency Distribution

A frequency is the number of times a value of the data occurs. The sum of all the frequency values represents the total number of students included in the ...

Cumulative Frequency Distribution

A cumulative frequency distribution is another type of frequency distribution. Instead of reporting how many data values fall in some classes, it reports ...

Ogive Graph

An ogive graph is sometimes called a cumulative frequency polygon. It is one type of frequency polygon that shows cumulative frequency. In other words, ...

Histogram

The histogram is a graphical representation in the x-y form of data distribution in a data set. The horizontal x-axis is labeled with what the data ...

Relative Frequency Histogram

The relative frequency depicts the proportion of data points that have each value. The frequency tells the number of data points that have each value. ...

Scatter Plot

The most common and easiest way to display the relationship between two variables, x and y, is a scatter plot. A scatter plot shows the direction of a ...

Time-Series Graph

A time-series graph is a line graph with repeated measurements taken at successive intervals of time. It is also called a time series chart. To construct ...

Bar Graph

A bar graph is also called a bar chart and consists of bars that are separated from each other. It either uses horizontal or vertical bars to show ...

Multiple Bar Graph

As the name suggests, a multiple bar graph is the same as a bar graph but has multiple bars to depict relationships between different data values. One can ...

Pareto Chart

A Pareto chart is a bar graph or a combination of both line and bar graphs. The bar lengths represent the individual values or the frequency, while the ...

Pie Chart

A pie chart (or a pie graph) is a circular graphical chart or a pictorial representation of categorical data. It is divided into slices of pie each ...

Organize quantitative or qualitative data using representations appropriate to the specialized topic of study such as scatter plots, line graphs, bar graphs, charts, data tables, diagrams, scientific drawings, and student-prepared models;

112.51.c.1.F.

Modeling and Similitude

A scaled model of a dam is tested in a controlled environment to observe how it will manage water flow, turbulence, and pressure.
This setup predicts the ...

Typical Model Studies

Typical model studies analyze scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior, focusing on interactions with free surfaces and flow around immersed bodies.
...

design-example-creating-a-hydraulic-model-of-a-dam-spillway

Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway

A hydraulic model of a dam spillway is often created by scaling down the design, typically to a 1:15 ratio, to replicate key flow characteristics such as ...

Develop and use models to represent phenomena, systems, processes, or solutions to problems as appropriate to the specialized topic of study; and

112.51.c.1.G.

Scientific and engineering practices. The student, for at least 40% of instructional time, asks questions, identifies problems, and plans and safely conducts classroom, laboratory, and field investigations to explain phenomena or design solutions using appropriate tools and models. The student is expected to:

Laboratory Chemical Spill Response Stations

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