Name: laboratory chemical spill response stations
Uploaded: 2023-04-30T06:57:05.000Z
Duration: 5 min 3 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Specialised Topic in Science

112.51.c.1.

112.51.c.1.C.

Emergency Eyewash and Shower Stations

1. Oogspuit
<ol>
	<li>Gebruik
	<ol>
		<li>Noodoogspuitstations gebruiken water om schadelijke of corrosief materiaal uit de ogen te spoelen in geval van een ongeval</li>
	</ol>
	</li>
	<li>Specificaties
	<ol>
		<li>De noodoogspuit moet zich binnen 10 seconden lopen vanaf de locatie bevinden waar oogbesmetting kan optreden. Er mogen geen obstakels zijn die de weg naar de oogspuit blokkeren, inclusief maar niet beperkt tot deuren. De oogspuit moet zich ook op dezelfde verdieping bevinden als het gebied met het gevaar.</li>
		<li>De noodoogspuitstation vereist drinkwater als waterbron.</li>
		<li>De temperatuur van het oogspuitwater moet tussen de 60 °F en 100 °F (16 °C - 38 °C) worden gehouden.</li>
		<li>Het water moet in staat zijn om een stroomsnelheid van minimaal 0,4 gallons per minuut gedurende ten minste 15 minuten te handhaven, met een stromingssnelheid laag genoeg om de ogen van de gebruiker niet te beschadigen.</li>
		<li>De oogspuit moet binnen een seconde handmatig kunnen worden geopend en het water moet kunnen blijven stromen totdat het door de gebruiker wordt uitgeschakeld.</li>
	</ol>
	</li>
	<li>Onderhoud
	<ol>
		<li>Oogspuitstations moeten jaarlijks worden geïnspecteerd door een Environment Health and Safety officer.</li>
		<li>Labpersoneel moet de noodoogspuit wekelijks inspecteren, water laten lopen gedurende 3 minuten, om de goede werking te waarborgen en sedimentatie in de oogspuit te elimineren. Er moet een logboek worden bijgehouden met de wekelijkse inspecties.</li>
	</ol>
	</li>
	<li>Bediening 
	De volgende stappen moeten worden gebruikt om de noodoogspuit te bedienen in geval van een noodsituatie:
	<ol>
		<li>Ga onmiddellijk naar de oogspuit in geval van schadelijke chemische blootstelling aan de ogen. Verspil geen tijd om naar de oogspuit te gaan, aangezien de eerste paar seconden van blootstelling onomkeerbare schade aan de ogen kunnen veroorzaken.</li>
		<li>Druk op de oogspuithendel om de waterstroom te starten.</li>
		<li>Houd de besmette ogen met vingers open en dompel de ogen minimaal 15 minuten onder in de waterstroom. Rol met de ogen om een grondige spoeling van het gehele ooggebied te garanderen.</li>
		<li>Als er contactlenzen worden gedragen, stop niet om ze te verwijderen voordat de ogen worden gespoeld met water. Verwijder in plaats daarvan de contactlenzen terwijl de ogen worden gespoeld met water.</li>
		<li>Zoek medische hulp.</li>
	</ol>
	</li>
</ol>
2. Labdouche
<ol>
	<li>Gebruik
	<ol>
		<li>Nooddouches gebruiken water om schadelijke of corrosief materiaal van het lichaam te spoelen in geval van een onbedoelde chemische lekkage.</li>
	</ol>
	</li>
	<li>Specificaties
	<ol>
		<li>De nooddouche moet zich binnen 10 seconden lopen vanaf de locatie bevinden waar lichaamsbesmetting optreedt. Er mogen geen obstakels zijn die de weg naar de douche blokkeren, inclusief maar niet beperkt tot deuren. De douche moet zich ook op dezelfde verdieping bevinden als het gebied met het potentiële gevaar.</li>
		<li>De waterbron van de douche moet drinkwater zijn.</li>
		<li>De temperatuur van het water moet tussen de 60 °F en 100 °F (16 °C - 38 °C) worden gehouden.</li>
		<li>Het water moet in staat zijn om een stroomsnelheid van minimaal 20 gallons per minuut gedurende ten minste 15 minuten te handhaven.</li>
		<li>De douche moet in maximaal een seconde kunnen worden ingeschakeld en blijven draaien totdat de gebruiker deze uitschakelt.</li>
		<li>De hoogte van de waterkolom van de douche moet tussen 82 en 96 inches liggen.</li>
		<li>De diameter van de waterkolom moet minimaal 20 inches zijn op een hoogte van 60 inches boven de vloer.</li>
		<li>Een omhulling voor de douche moet minimaal 34 inches in diameter zijn. Omhullingen zijn niet vereist op laboratoriumnooddouches.</li>
	</ol>
	</li>
	<li>Onderhoud
	<ol>
		<li>Douchestations moeten jaarlijks worden geïnspecteerd door de Environment Health and Safety officer van uw organisatie.</li>
		<li>Labpersoneel moet de nooddouche wekelijks inspecteren om de juiste werkomstandigheden te waarborgen. Er moet een logboek worden bijgehouden met de wekelijkse inspecties.</li>
	</ol>
	</li>
	<li>Bediening 
	De volgende stappen moeten worden gebruikt om de nooddouche te bedienen in geval van een noodsituatie:
	<ol>
		<li>Ga onmiddellijk naar de douche in geval van schadelijke chemische blootstelling aan het lichaam. Verspil geen tijd om naar de douche te gaan, aangezien de eerste paar seconden van blootstelling onomkeerbare schade kunnen veroorzaken.</li>
		<li>Verwijder alle besmette kleding, schoenen of andere kleding. Wees niet verlegen om kleding uit te doen. Als de primaire locatie van de gemorste chemicaliën zich op een bekleed deel van het lichaam bevindt, zullen ze verzadigd zijn met chemicaliën. Verwijder kleding voorzichtig als ze in contact komen met onblootgestelde delen van het lichaam. In sommige gevallen kan het geschikter zijn om kleding door te snijden voor een snellere, veiligere verwijdering.</li>
		<li>Trek aan de douchehendel om de waterstroom te starten en spoel het getroffen gebied minimaal 15 minuten met water.</li>
		<li>Zoek medische hulp.</li>
	</ol>
	</li>
</ol>

In het geval van een chemische lek of spetter die het lichaam of de ogen aantast, mag de besmette persoon geen tijd verspillen met het gebruik van een noodogwasstation of douche. Als de blootgestelde persoon onzeker is over de gevaren van de chemische lek, is het altijd raadzaam om de oogwas of douche te gebruiken. Om dergelijke ongevallen te voorkomen, moet echter altijd de juiste laboratoriumkleding worden gedragen bij het hanteren van gevaarlijke stoffen. Labpersoneel moet goed op de hoogte zijn van de materialen die ...

noodoogwas- en douchestations

Robert M. Rioux, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
De Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) schrijft voor dat een noodoogspoel- en douchestation gemakkelijk toegankelijk moet zijn op alle werkplekken waar een persoon kan worden blootgesteld aan schadelijke en/of corrosief stoffen. Noodoogspoel- en douchestations moeten worden gebruikt in het geval van een laboratorium- of werkplekongeluk dat het morsen van een schadelijk, mogelijk corrosief chemisch product op het lichaam of het spetteren van een dergelijk chemisch product in de ogen inhoudt. Oogspoel- en douchestations zijn echter geen vervanging voor de juiste beschermingsmiddelen (PPE), inclusief laboratoriumjassen en beschermende brillen, die altijd gedragen moeten worden bij het hanteren van gevaarlijke chemicaliën. Raadpleeg voor de juiste selectie van PPE het Environmental Health & Safety (EHS) kantoor van uw organisatie.

Noodoogwas- en douchestations

Robert M. Rioux, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mandates that an emergency ...

Alle laboratoria en werkplekken waar gevaarlijke chemicaliën aanwezig zijn, zullen zijn uitgerust met een noodoogspuit en een spoelcabine.De oogspuit en spoelcabine worden gebruikt om schadelijke of corrosieve chemicaliën weg te spoelen die in contact komen met de ogen en de huid, respectievelijk.Deze video zal het juiste gebruik en de onderhoud van de noodoogspuit en spoelcabine demonstreren en gerelateerde veiligheidsmaatregelen bespreken.Voordat u met chemicaliën gaat werken, raadpleegt u hun veiligheidsdatasheets om vertrouwd te raken met eventuele gevaren die gepaard gaan met blootstelling. Informeer de laboratoriummanager en het Office voor Milieu, Gezondheid en Veiligheid over de materialen en procedures die u gebruikt.Om het risico op blootstelling aan chemicaliën te verkleinen, draag beschermende kleding, zoals laboratoriumjassen, veiligheidsbril en handschoenen.Gebruik gevaarlijke chemicaliën onder afzuigkappen om bovendien de kans op inademing te verkleinen.Noodoogspuitstations gebruiken water om gevaarlijke of corrosieve materialen uit de ogen te spoelen in geval van blootstelling.Voordat u met gevaarlijke chemicaliën gaat werken, zorg ervoor dat er geen obstakels, trappen of deuren zijn tussen de werkruimte en de oogspuit. Stel de werkruimte op dezelfde verdieping in, zodat de oogspuit binnen 10 s kan worden bereikt.In geval van blootstelling aan een schadelijk of onbekend materiaal, ga dan onmiddellijk naar de oogspuit. Tijd is cruciaal, omdat de grootste schade meestal optreedt in de eerste paar seconden van de blootstelling. Stop niet om morsingen op te ruimen of contactlenzen te verwijderen.Activeer de hendel van de oogspuit. Dit start de waterstroom.Ten slotte, terwijl u de oogleden openhoudt, dompelt u de ogen in de stroom. Laat ze rollen, om grondig spoelen mogelijk te maken. Verwijder contactlenzen terwijl de ogen worden gespoeld. Spoel minimaal 15 min en zoek dan medische hulp.Spoelcabines wassen gevaarlijke of corrosieve materialen van de huid.Zoals in het geval van de oogspuit, moet de route van de werkruimte naar de cabine vrij zijn van obstakels, deuren of trappen. Het moet niet meer dan 10 s duren om van de werkruimte naar de cabine te reizen.Als de huid wordt blootgesteld aan een schadelijk of onbekend materiaal, ga dan onmiddellijk naar de cabine. Nogmaals, de grootste schade door besmetting treedt meestal op in de eerste paar seconden van de blootstelling. Stop niet om morsingen op te ruimen.Verwijder snel alle verontreinigde kleding, schoenen of andere kleding. Aarzel niet of voel u beschaamd, kleding kan de verbindingen aan de huid vasthouden en meer schade veroorzaken. Zorg ervoor dat verontreinigde kleding geen contact maakt met niet-blootstelde delen van uw lichaam. Snijd indien nodig de kleding af.Trek tenslotte aan de hendel van de cabine om de waterstroom te starten. Dit start de waterstroom. Spoel het getroffen gebied minimaal 15 min en zoek dan medische hulp.Om een veilige werking te garanderen, moeten de oogspuit en de cabine voldoen aan de volgende specificaties.Beide gebruiken drinkwater op 60 tot 100 graden Fahrenheit. Beide zouden maximaal 1 s mogen duren om in te schakelen en zouden moeten blijven stromen tot de gebruiker ze uitschakelt. De oogspuit moet een stroomsnelheid van 0,4 gallons per min gedurende minimaal 15 min handhaven en de cabine 20 gallons per min gedurende minimaal 15 min.De cabine moet een waterkolom produceren tussen 82 en 96 inches hoog met een diameter van minimaal 20 inches op een hoogte van 60 inches. Als de cabine een behuizing heeft, moet de behuizing minimaal 34 inches in diameter zijn.De oogspuit en de cabine moeten wekelijks worden geïnspecteerd door laboratoriumtechnici, door ze 3 min te laten lopen en de resultaten in een logboek bij te houden. Bovendien moet het jaarlijks worden geïnspecteerd door een Milieu, Gezondheid en Veiligheidsfunctionaris.Je hebt zojuist de introductie van JoVE bekeken voor noodoogspuit- en spoelcabines. U zou nu relevante veiligheidsmaatregelen, de bedieningsprocedures voor de oogspuit en de cabine en hun juiste specificaties en onderhoud moeten begrijpen. Bedankt voor het kijken!

Education

JoVE Science Education

Basic Biology

Basisbiologie

Lab Safety

Laboratoriumveiligheid

laboratory chemical spill response stations

Laboratory chemical spill response stations help protect people who are exposed to injurious or corrosive substances. In workplaces and school labs, OSHA requires emergency eyewash and shower stations to be easy to reach when these hazards are present.

These stations are used after an accident that spills a harmful chemical on the body or splashes it into the eyes. The eyewash station helps rinse the eyes, while the shower station is used for chemicals on the skin or clothing. They are meant for emergency cleanup after exposure, not for routine washing.

Emergency stations do not replace proper personal protective equipment, or PPE. Laboratory coats and protective eyewear should still be worn when handling hazardous chemicals. For help choosing the right PPE, students and staff should follow guidance from their organization’s Environmental Health and Safety, or EHS, office.

Laboratory Chemical Spill Response Stations

laboratory-chemical-spill-response-stations

proper personal protective equipment

Choosing the Right Lab PPE

Choosing the right lab PPE is a key part of working safely in a laboratory. PPE, or personal protective equipment, helps reduce risk when hazards are present. Laboratory hazards can be many and varied. The right choice of PPE helps make the lab a safe place to work. Students should match their protective gear to the tasks and conditions in the lab. This topic focuses on selecting proper protection for the situation at hand. Wearing the correct PPE supports safer lab work and helps limit...

emergency eyewash and shower stations

Laboratory chemical spill response stations help protect people who are exposed to injurious or corrosive substances. In workplaces and school labs, OSHA requires emergency eyewash and shower stations to be easy to reach when these hazards are present. These stations are used after an accident that spills a harmful chemical on the body or splashes it into the eyes. The eyewash station helps rinse the eyes, while the shower station is used for chemicals on the skin or clothing. They are meant...

electrical safety

Preventing Lab Electric Shock and Fires

Electrical hazards are a common lab safety concern. Most laboratory equipment uses electricity to work, so students and lab staff must stay alert around cords, plugs, and powered devices. Improper use of electrical equipment can cause electric shock. In serious cases, this can lead to injury or death. Electrical sparks are also dangerous in the lab. They can start a fire or trigger an explosion. This risk matters because many flammable chemicals may be stored near powered instruments. Knowing...

working with centrifuges

Centrifuge Safety and Sample Separation

Centrifuges are used to separate heterogeneous mixtures by spinning particles in a fluid at high speed. The motion creates a force away from the axis of rotation. Heavier particles move faster toward the bottom of the sample holder, and the rate depends on particle size and density. This process is called centrifugation, and it speeds up sedimentation, which is the settling of particles out of a liquid. Gravity can separate some mixtures on its own, but that can take a long time.

working with hot and cold sources

Safe Use of Lab Heat and Cold Sources

Safe use of lab heat and cold sources is an important part of laboratory work. Extreme temperatures are common in many lab tasks. They can involve both high heat and very low temperatures. Bunsen burners and hot plates are widely used in research labs and industry. A Bunsen burner is a gas burner that gives a direct flame. A hot plate is an electric device that warms containers without an open flame. Because these tools reach high temperatures, users need to follow safe handling procedures. <br...

guidelines in case of a laboratory emergency

guidelines-in-case-of-a-laboratory-emergency

Lab Spill and Accident Response Basics

Lab spill and accident response basics help students stay safe during common laboratory emergencies. The most common lab emergencies include chemical spills, fire or explosion, electric shock, and personnel injuries. Many accidents happen because of poor planning or lack of attention, so prevention is always the first step. Good lab safety starts before an emergency happens. Students should wear proper personal protective equipment, or PPE, in the laboratory. Regular lab inspection and...

chemical storage: categories, hazards and compatibilities

chemical-storage-categories-hazards-and-compatibilities

Safe Chemical Labels and Storage Basics

Safe chemical storage and labeling help prevent dangerous reactions in school and research labs. Chemicals can vary widely in their properties and reactivity, so they must be managed, stored, and labeled correctly as part of an Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) program. If chemicals are not handled properly, they can create harmful or even destructive results. These risks include toxic fume production, fire, explosion, human fatality, property damage, and environmental hazards. Proper...

safe handling of mineral acids

Mineral Acids in the Lab

Mineral acids are common chemicals in research laboratories, and they must be handled with care. These acids, also called inorganic acids, are water-soluble acids formed from inorganic minerals by chemical reaction. Their corrosive nature makes them a major safety risk in the lab. Examples of mineral acids include boric acid, chromic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfuric acid. These acids are important reagents in research, and...

handling chemical spills

Chemical Spill Safety in the Lab

Chemical spill safety in the lab is essential whenever hazardous chemicals are used. Spills can happen at any time during laboratory work. Even a small spill can become dangerous if people are not prepared to respond quickly and correctly. Preparing for a chemical spill helps protect public health and the environment. Lab teams need to know how to respond to accidental releases of hazardous chemicals before an emergency happens. Safe cleanup also depends on proper disposal of the spilled...

proper use of autoclaves

Autoclaving Lab Materials Safely

Autoclaving lab materials safely is an important part of decontamination in the laboratory. This method is commonly used for items that have contacted biological samples, especially those that may contain microorganisms. An autoclave cleans materials with pressurized steam at a high temperature. The steam and heat work together to kill microorganisms on the loaded items. For this reason, effective autoclaving depends on good steam flow and strong heat transfer. Packaging matters because it...

fume hoods and laminar flow cabinets

Airflow Controls for Safer Lab Workspaces

Fume hoods and laminar flow cabinets are airflow controls used in laboratories. They both rely on a constant stream of air to protect the lab environment and the people in it. These systems work in similar ways, but they serve different purposes. A fume hood is a ventilation system that helps reduce exposure to hazardous vapors, fumes, and particles. Air is drawn into the hood opening, which helps keep harmful substances inside the workspace. The air is then pulled out through the exhaust. A...

handling air- and water-sensitive chemicals using a schlenk line

handling-air-and-water-sensitive-chemicals-using-a-schlenk-line

Schlenk Line Setup for Inert Atmospheres

A Schlenk line helps chemists work with air- and water-sensitive chemicals. It provides an air-free way to handle reagents that can react with oxygen or moisture. This makes it useful in a chemical laboratory when careful control of the atmosphere is needed. The glass apparatus is commonly used because it can create an inert gas environment or a vacuum. Inert gases such as nitrogen and argon can be used to protect the reaction. The same setup can also expose glassware to vacuum when needed. A...

proper operation of vacuum based equipment

proper-operation-of-vacuum-based-equipment

Vacuum Pumps for Laboratory Procedures

Vacuum pumps are used in many laboratory procedures that need low pressure. They help create vacuum conditions for experiments and equipment that must run below normal atmospheric pressure. In the lab, vacuum pumps are the most common way to achieve this low-pressure environment. They can also support rapid changes in the atmosphere inside a reactor or flask. This is done by evacuating the vessel and then backfilling it with another gas.

operating the glovebox

Glovebox Atmosphere and Sample Transfer

A glovebox is an enclosed workspace that keeps an inert atmosphere inside. Scientists use built-in gloves to handle chemicals or equipment without exposing the inside of the box to outside air. The box uses positive pressure to help make up for small passive leaks. Objects can be moved in and out through an antechamber, which works like an airlock between the glovebox and the outside atmosphere. Some gloveboxes have more than one pair of gloves. The number of glove ports depends on the size...

operation of high-pressure reactor vessels

operation-of-high-pressure-reactor-vessels

Safe Use of Pressure Vessels in Chemistry

High-pressure reactor vessels are used in synthetic chemistry to handle gases safely during reactions. They help chemists carry out gas-based processes such as hydrogenation, oxidation, and amination. These reactions often use hydrogen, oxygen, or ammonia, which are important reagents in the lab. These gases usually dissolve poorly in standard reaction mixtures. Because of that, high pressure is needed to make the reaction proceed at a useful rate. The vessel creates a sealed space that keeps...

decontamination for laboratory biosafety

Lab Cleaning Methods for Biosafety

Laboratory cleaning methods are a key part of biosafety because microbial contamination can build up and spread disease. Decontamination is used to reduce that risk on lab surfaces and equipment. The level of cleaning depends on how much contamination is present and what kind of item needs treatment. Decontamination can be grouped into disinfection and sterilization. Disinfection removes pathogenic microorganisms, but it does not remove bacterial spores on lab surfaces or equipment.

proper waste disposal

Lab Waste Management and Safety

Lab waste management and safety are essential parts of any laboratory activity. Waste generated during work must be handled correctly from the moment it is created until it reaches its final offsite disposal facility. Poor waste disposal can seriously harm public health and the environment. A waste management system should be planned before any lab work begins. This system guides how waste is collected, stored, and prepared for removal. For hazardous waste, special rules apply because its...

lab safety

This collection provides safety guidelines to be followed when working with hazardous materials and equipment. It covers universal topics such as PPE, electrical safety, and general emergency guidelines, as well as some specific safety procedures for chemistry and biology laboratories.

Learn when emergency eyewash and shower stations are required in labs, how they respond to chemical spills, and why PPE like lab coats and goggles is still needed.

Laboratory Chemical Spill Response Stations | JoVE K12

Chemistry

CHEM.1

CHEM.1.C

Biology

BIO.1

BIO.1.C

Physics

PHYS.1

PHYS.1.C

Chemistry and Physics

IPC.1

IPC.1.C

Robert Rioux

Overview

Basic Safety Measures

Emergency Eyewash

Emergency Shower

Specifications and Maintenance

Summary

The Scientific Method

The scientific method is a detailed, empirical problem-solving process used by biologists and other scientists. This iterative approach involves ...

Inductive Reasoning

Inductive reasoning is a form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion. It is uncertain and operates in ...

Deductive Reasoning

Deductive reasoning, or deduction, is the type of logic used in hypothesis-based science. In deductive reasoning, the pattern of thinking moves in the ...

Correlation and Causation

Correlation and CausationStatistical tests can calculate whether there is a relationship, or correlation, between independent and dependent variables. A ...

Ask questions and define problems related to specialized topics of study based on observations or information from text, phenomena, models, or investigations;

112.51.c.1.A.

Scientific Method

The scientific method is used to solve problems and explain phenomena. The development of the scientific method coincided with changes in philosophy ...

Demonstrating the Scientific Method with Tree Branches
ExpandObtain branches containing a few dozen typical leaves from five different local tree species. ...

Observation and Background Research
ExpandNOTE: The first two steps in the scientific process involve studying and observing natural phenomena of ...

Problem-Solving

A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. It involves trial and error, algorithms, heuristics, and insights. Effective ...

Problem Definition

Problem definition is the initial and the most essential step in research.
The researcher identifies and explains the specific issue or gap to be ...

Apply science practices related to specialized topics of study to plan and conduct investigations or use engineering practices to design solutions to problems;

112.51.c.1.B.

Proper Personal Protective Equipment

Robert M. Rioux &#38; William A Elliott, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Hazards are many and varied in the laboratory, but the right ...

Electrical Safety

Robert M. Rioux &amp; Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Among the many hazards present in the laboratory, electrical ...

Working with Centrifuges

Source: Robert M. Rioux &amp; Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Earth's gravitational force is capable of separating ...

Working with Hot and Cold Sources

Source: Robert M. Rioux &amp; Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Working with extreme temperatures, both high and low, ...

Guidelines in Case of a Laboratory Emergency

Robert M. Rioux &amp; Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
The most common laboratory emergencies include chemical spills, ...

Chemical Storage: Categories, Hazards And Compatibilities

Source: Robert M. Rioux &amp; Taslima A. Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
While the use of various chemicals in experimental ...

Safe Handling of Mineral Acids

Source: Robert M. Rioux &#38; Taslima A. Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
A mineral acid (or inorganic acid) is defined as a ...

Handling Chemical Spills

Source: Robert M. Rioux &#38; Taslima Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Since chemicals are commonly used for laboratory research ...

Proper Use of Autoclaves

Robert M. Rioux &amp; Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Autoclaving is one of the most commonly used methods in the ...

Fume Hoods and Laminar Flow Cabinets

Robert M. Rioux &amp; William A. Elliott, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Fume hoods and laminar flow cabinets are engineering controls ...

Decontamination for Laboratory Biosafety

Robert M. Rioux and Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Decontamination is essential for laboratory biosafety, as the ...

Proper Waste Disposal

Robert M. Rioux and Taslima A. Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA

Users are responsible for the proper disposal of the waste ...

Use appropriate safety equipment and practices during laboratory, classroom, and field investigations as outlined in Texas Education Agency-approved safety standards;

Common Lab Glassware and Uses

Source: Laboratory of Dr. Neal Abrams &#8212; SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry
Glassware is a regular appearance in the professional ...

Lab Techniques

Measurement Accuracy
The ability to repeat an experiment and get the same results, or reproducibility, is essential in scientific research. However, ...

Source: Smaa Koraym at Johns Hopkins University, MD, USA

	Preparation of LaboratoryExpand
	Here we show the laboratory preparation for 10 students ...

Source: Smaa Koraym at Johns Hopkins University, MD, USA

	Determining the Density of an EggExpand
	Density is a measure of how compact a substance or ...

Proper Lab Notebook Keeping

Organic Lab Notebook Keeping
Record keeping is a vital skill in science and organic chemistry labs. Without proper notes, descriptions, quantities, or ...

Source: Lara Al Hariri at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA

	Preparation of the LaboratoryExpand
	Here, we show the laboratory preparation ...

Source: Lara Al Hariri and Ahmed Basabrain at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA

	Nitration of Methyl BenzoateExpand
	From this lab onward, ...

Use tools appropriate to the specialized topic of study;

112.51.c.1.D.

SI Units: 2019 Redefinition

Measurement is integral to analytical chemistry. Each record comprises a number &#8211; denoting the magnitude&#160; &#8211; and the unit &#8211; a ...

International System of Units

The International System of Units, known as the SI system, is a universally accepted measurement system recognized and used worldwide. The SI system is ...

Measurement: Standard Units

Every measurement provides three kinds of information: the size or magnitude of the measurement (a number), a standard of comparison for the measurement ...

Measurement: Derived Units

The International System of Units or SI system, by international agreement, has fixed measurement units for seven fundamental properties: length, mass, ...

Collect quantitative data using the International System of Units (SI) or qualitative data as evidence as appropriate to the specialized topic of study;

112.51.c.1.E.

Review and Preview

Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative ...

What is a Frequency Distribution

A frequency is the number of times a value of the data occurs. The sum of all the frequency values represents the total number of students included in the ...

Cumulative Frequency Distribution

A cumulative frequency distribution is another type of frequency distribution. Instead of reporting how many data values fall in some classes, it reports ...

Ogive Graph

An ogive graph is sometimes called a cumulative frequency polygon. It is one type of frequency polygon that shows cumulative frequency. In other words, ...

Histogram

The histogram is a graphical representation in the x-y form of data distribution in a data set. The horizontal x-axis is labeled with what the data ...

Relative Frequency Histogram

The relative frequency depicts the proportion of data points that have each value. The frequency tells the number of data points that have each value. ...

Scatter Plot

The most common and easiest way to display the relationship between two variables, x and y, is a scatter plot. A scatter plot shows the direction of a ...

Time-Series Graph

A time-series graph is a line graph with repeated measurements taken at successive intervals of time. It is also called a time series chart. To construct ...

Bar Graph

A bar graph is also called a bar chart and consists of bars that are separated from each other. It either uses horizontal or vertical bars to show ...

Multiple Bar Graph

As the name suggests, a multiple bar graph is the same as a bar graph but has multiple bars to depict relationships between different data values. One can ...

Pareto Chart

A Pareto chart is a bar graph or a combination of both line and bar graphs. The bar lengths represent the individual values or the frequency, while the ...

Pie Chart

A pie chart (or a pie graph) is a circular graphical chart or a pictorial representation of categorical data. It is divided into slices of pie each ...

Organize quantitative or qualitative data using representations appropriate to the specialized topic of study such as scatter plots, line graphs, bar graphs, charts, data tables, diagrams, scientific drawings, and student-prepared models;

112.51.c.1.F.

Modeling and Similitude

A scaled model of a dam is tested in a controlled environment to observe how it will manage water flow, turbulence, and pressure.
This setup predicts the ...

Typical Model Studies

Typical model studies analyze scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior, focusing on interactions with free surfaces and flow around immersed bodies.
...

design-example-creating-a-hydraulic-model-of-a-dam-spillway

Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway

A hydraulic model of a dam spillway is often created by scaling down the design, typically to a 1:15 ratio, to replicate key flow characteristics such as ...

Develop and use models to represent phenomena, systems, processes, or solutions to problems as appropriate to the specialized topic of study; and

112.51.c.1.G.

Scientific and engineering practices. The student, for at least 40% of instructional time, asks questions, identifies problems, and plans and safely conducts classroom, laboratory, and field investigations to explain phenomena or design solutions using appropriate tools and models. The student is expected to:

Laboratory Chemical Spill Response Stations

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