Name: choosing the right lab ppe
Uploaded: 2023-04-30T06:59:19.000Z
Duration: 5 min 37 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Specialised Topic in Science

112.51.c.1.

112.51.c.1.C.

Proper Personal Protective Equipment

1. Minimum PPE
<ol>
	<li>Bij het betreden van een laboratorium moet een minimum aan PPE worden gedragen. Dit omvat veiligheidsbrillen (later besproken), lange broeken en schoenen met gesloten neus. Dit biedt basisbescherming tegen algemene gevaren in het laboratorium. Bovendien moet lang haar worden vastgebonden en hangende sieraden mogen niet worden gedragen.</li>
</ol>
2. Handschoenen
<ol>
	<li>Je handen zijn vaak de lichaamsdelen die het dichtst bij gevaren in het laboratorium zijn. Handschoenen zijn daarom een essentieel onderdeel van correcte PPE. Het is echter niet altijd meteen duidelijk welke handschoenen geschikt zijn voor de uitgevoerde taak. Een gevarenbeoordeling van de taak kan helpen om het juiste paar handschoenen te bepalen. De gevarenbeoordeling moet het volgende in overweging nemen:
	<ol>
		<li>Chemisch: De chemische aard van het gevaar is erg belangrijk bij het kiezen van de juiste handschoenen. Veelvoorkomende materialen voor chemisch resistente handschoenen zijn butylrubber, latex, neopreen, nitrilrubber, polyethyleen, polyvinylalcohol en polyvinylchloride. Het kiezen van het juiste materiaal kan vaak gemakkelijk worden gedaan door een chemische compatibiliteitsgrafiek te raadplegen (Ansell Occupational Healthcare, 2008). Geen enkel materiaal is 100% resistent tegen een chemische stof. Een chemische stof zal alle materialen doordringen, alleen met verschillende snelheden. Bij het raadplegen van een chemische compatibiliteitsgrafiek voor handschoenen moet de doorbraaktijd worden genoteerd. Dit is de tijd die een chemische stof nodig heeft om volledig door een aanvankelijk ongebruikte handschoen te reizen. Handschoenen moeten dienovereenkomstig worden vervangen wanneer u langer dan de doorbraaktijd werkt. Als een handschoen scheurt of wordt doorboord, moet de handschoen worden verwijderd en onmiddellijk worden vervangen. Gaten in de handschoen zorgen voor directe penetratie van chemicaliën door de handschoen heen, waardoor de handschoen niet effectief is.</li>
		<li>Fysiek: Fysische gevaren kunnen betrekking hebben op lage temperaturen of verhoogde temperaturen, scherpe voorwerpen en mechanische krachten.</li>
		<li>Kryogene temperaturen: Voor lage temperaturen zijn kryogene handschoenen geschikt. Kryogene handschoenen variëren van pols- tot schouderlengte en zijn vaak gemaakt van een nylon buitenoppervlak en een polyester binnenoppervlak. De lengte moet worden gekozen op basis van verdere beoordelingen van de taak. Het hanteren van vloeibare stikstof is een veel voorkomende blootstelling aan lage temperaturen.</li>
		<li>Verhoogde temperaturen: Voor verhoogde temperaturen zijn hittebestendige handschoenen geschikt. Hittebestendige handschoenen komen in verschillende vormen, maten en materialen. Basis hittebestendige handschoenen zijn vaak gemaakt van katoen, terwijl meer geavanceerde hittebestendige handschoenen zijn gemaakt van materialen zoals nitrilrubber en Kevlar. Bij het kiezen van hittebestendige handschoenen, zorg ervoor dat de temperatuur waarmee u werkt binnen het werkbereik van de handschoenen valt.</li>
		<li>Scherpe voorwerpen: Bij het hanteren van naalden, scheermessen, messen of enig ander type voorwerp dat de huid kan snijden of doorboren, moeten snij- en doorboorbestendige handschoenen worden gebruikt. Veelvoorkomende materialen zijn Kevlar en leer. Snij- en doorboorbestendige handschoenen hebben vaak ingebouwde platen.</li>
		<li>Mechanische krachten: Om bescherming tegen mechanische krachten te bieden, moeten stootbestendige handschoenen worden gedragen. Stootbestendige handschoenen zijn gemaakt met extra padding, zoals schuim- of gellagen.</li>
		<li>Radiatie: Bij het hanteren of werken in de buurt van radioactief materiaal zijn attenuatiehandschoenen voor straling geschikt. Gelode rubberen handschoenen zijn effectief bij het beschermen van handen tegen straling (beter met toenemende dikte), maar zijn zwaar en moeilijk om mee te werken. Veelvoorkomende alternatieven voor lood zijn titanium, bismut en wolfraam. Hoewel de alternatieve materialen niet zo effectief zijn bij het afschermen van straling als lood, hoeven deze materialen niet als gevaarlijk afval te worden weggegooid, zoals vereist is voor lood.</li>
	</ol>
	</li>
</ol>
3. Gezichtsbescherming
<ol>
	<li>Gezichtsbescherming is ontworpen om de ogen en longen te beschermen tegen chemische spetters, chemische dampen, zwevende poeders, vliegende deeltjes, intense lichtstraling, hitte en schadelijke gassen. Er zijn verschillende soorten beschermende gezichtsbescherming beschikbaar om schade aan de ogen en longen te voorkomen, inclusief brillen, veiligheidsbrillen, gezichtsschermen, ademhalingsmaskers en gasmaskers. De juiste gezichtsbescherming moet worden gekozen op basis van de soorten gevaren die gepaard gaan met de taak. Veiligheidsbrillen maken deel uit van de minimale PPE die vereist is om een laboratoriumruimte te betreden. De vereiste veiligheidsbrillen moeten voldoen aan de ANSI-norm Z87.1. Ze moeten zijbescherming hebben, stootvast zijn, bescherming bieden tegen vliegende deeltjes en basisbescherming bieden tegen chemische spetters.</li>
</ol>
Tabel 1 hieronder presenteert geschikte keuzes voor beschermende gezichtsbescherming voor een bepaald gevaar. Afhankelijk van de ernst van het gevaar kunnen verschillende beschermingsniveaus worden gekozen.
<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Gevaar</td>
			<td>Methode</td>
			<td>Bron</td>
			<td>Bescherming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td rowspan="2">Chemisch</td>
			<td>Spetteren</td>
			<td>Vloeistoffen, zuren/basen, oplossingen</td>
			<td>Bril, veiligheidsbril, gezichtsscherm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Damp/gas</td>
			<td>Vluchtige oplosmiddelen/vaste stoffen, gassen</td>
			<td>Veiligheidsbril, gasmasker met volledig gezicht</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stof</td>
			<td>Zwevende deeltjes</td>
			<td>Fijne poeders, nanodeeltjes, schuren, zagen</td>
			<td>Veiligheidsbril, veiligheidsbril met deelt

correcte persoonlijke beschermingsmiddelen

Robert M. Rioux & William A Elliott, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Er zijn veel en gevarieerde gevaren in het laboratorium, maar de juiste keuze van PPA kan het laboratorium een veilige werkplek maken.

Correcte persoonlijke beschermingsmiddelen

Robert M. Rioux &#38; William A Elliott, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Hazards are many and varied in the laboratory, but the right ...

Er zijn veel gevaren in het laboratorium, maar de juiste keuze van persoonlijk beschermingsmateriaal kan het een veiligere plek maken om te werken. Persoonlijk beschermingsmateriaal, of PBM, helpt mensen te beschermen tegen gevaren. Het omvat de juiste laboratoriumkleding, evenals items zoals handschoenen, veiligheidsbril, gezichtsschermen en laboratoriumjassen.Welk PBM je draagt, hangt af van het specifieke gevaar dat aanwezig is. Bovendien is gespecialiseerd materiaal noodzakelijk voor situaties zoals extreme kou, extreme hitte en radioactiviteit.In deze video laten we je zien hoe je je voor de laboratorium kleedt, evenals enkele gespecialiseerde PBM's.Bij het betreden van een laboratorium, draag je het minimale PBM. Dit omvat een shirt met lange mouwen, lange broek en schoenen met gesloten tenen. Draag een vlamvertragende laboratoriumjas, die goed past en dichtgeknoopt is, omdat losse jassen het risico lopen om vast te lopen aan voorwerpen. Als je extra bescherming nodig hebt tegen spetters of hitte, draag je een rubberen schort.Draag altijd veiligheidsbril in het laboratorium. Deze moeten zijbescherming hebben, stootvast zijn en bescherming bieden tegen vliegende deeltjes en chemische spetters. Receptbrillen bieden deze beschermingen niet, dus beschermende brillen moeten ook worden gedragen.Ten slotte, om te voorkomen dat je je aan een voorwerp vasthaakt, verwijder je alle hangende sieraden, zoals oorbellen, en bind je lang haar terug.Handschoenen zijn een essentieel onderdeel van PBM, omdat handen vaak het lichaamsdeel zijn dat het dichtst bij gevaren zit. Er zijn veel soorten chemisch resistente handschoenen, waaronder latex, nitril, neopreen, polyethyleen en polyvinylchloride. Het type handschoen dat je draagt, hangt af van de stoffen waarmee je zult werken.Om te beslissen welke handschoen je moet dragen, raadpleeg je een chemische compatibiliteitstabel. De tabel geeft informatie over de weerstand van de handschoen tegen verschillende chemicaliën. Bovendien vermeldt het de doorbraaktijd, dat is de tijd die nodig is voor een chemische stof om de handschoen te penetreren. Verschillende fysieke gevaren vereisen verschillende soorten handschoenen. Cryogene handschoenen zijn langer dan gewone handschoenen en zijn gemaakt van een nylon buitenlaag en polyester binnenlaag. Gebruik deze handschoenen bij het hanteren van extreem koude materialen zoals vloeibaar stikstof.Basis hittebestendige handschoenen zijn gemaakt van katoen, terwijl meer geavanceerde handschoenen gemaakt zijn van nitrilrubber of Kevlar. Zorg ervoor dat de temperatuur binnen het werkbereik van de handschoenen valt wanneer je deze handschoenen gebruikt.Snij- en doorboorbestendige handschoenen kunnen worden gemaakt van Kevlar of leer, en kunnen platen bevatten. Gebruik deze handschoenen bij het hanteren van objecten zoals naalden.Bij het werken met hoge mechanische krachten, gebruik je stootvaste handschoenen. Deze hebben extra padding, zoals schuim- of gellagen.Ten slotte vereist straling speciale dempingshandschoenen. Met lood beklede rubberen handschoenen bieden de meeste bescherming, maar zijn moeilijk om mee te werken en moeten worden weggegooid in gevaarlijk afval. Met andere metalen zoals wolfraam beklede handschoenen zijn gemakkelijker om mee te werken, maar ze bieden niet zoveel bescherming.Veiligheidsbrillen bieden voldoende bescherming voor veel taken, maar soms is meer substantiële gezichtsbescherming nodig. Als je werkt met stoffen die fijne luchtdragende deeltjes afgeven, gebruik dan een ademhalingsmasker om je longen te beschermen.Bij het werken met gevaarlijke chemicaliën die kunnen spetteren, materialen die vliegende vonken veroorzaken, of hitte, gebruik je een bril of een volledig gezichtsscherm. Voor ultraviolette, infrarode of intense zichtbare straling, gebruik je getinte glazen of een getint gezichtsscherm.Bovendien moet je gehoorbescherming gebruiken wanneer je wordt blootgesteld aan geluidsniveaus boven de 85 decibel. Zowel oordopjes als oordoppen zullen het geluidsniveau met 15 tot 30 decibel verminderen. Gebruik beide tegelijkertijd als het geluid meer dan 105 decibel is.Ten slotte biedt PBM niet altijd voldoende gevarenbescherming, en technische controles zoals afzuipingen verminderen ook risico's. Je hebt zojuist de introductie van JoVE tot persoonlijk beschermingsmateriaal bekeken. Je zou nu de basislaboratoriumkleding, handschoenen en gezichtsbescherming moeten begrijpen. Bedankt voor het kijken!

Education

JoVE Science Education

Basic Biology

Basisbiologie

Lab Safety

Laboratoriumveiligheid

choosing the right lab ppe

Choosing the right lab PPE is a key part of working safely in a laboratory. PPE, or personal protective equipment, helps reduce risk when hazards are present.

Laboratory hazards can be many and varied. The right choice of PPE helps make the lab a safe place to work. Students should match their protective gear to the tasks and conditions in the lab.

This topic focuses on selecting proper protection for the situation at hand. Wearing the correct PPE supports safer lab work and helps limit exposure to common risks.

Choosing the Right Lab PPE

proper personal protective equipment

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lab safety

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Learn how choosing the right personal protective equipment helps make the laboratory safer when students face many different hazards during lab work.

Choosing the Right Lab PPE | JoVE K12

Chemistry

CHEM.1

CHEM.1.C

Biology

BIO.1

BIO.1.C

Chemistry and Physics

IPC.1

IPC.1.C

Robert Rioux

Overview

Basic Personal Protective Equipment

Hand Protection

Face and Ear Protection

Summary

The Scientific Method

The scientific method is a detailed, empirical problem-solving process used by biologists and other scientists. This iterative approach involves ...

Inductive Reasoning

Inductive reasoning is a form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion. It is uncertain and operates in ...

Deductive Reasoning

Deductive reasoning, or deduction, is the type of logic used in hypothesis-based science. In deductive reasoning, the pattern of thinking moves in the ...

Correlation and Causation

Correlation and CausationStatistical tests can calculate whether there is a relationship, or correlation, between independent and dependent variables. A ...

Ask questions and define problems related to specialized topics of study based on observations or information from text, phenomena, models, or investigations;

112.51.c.1.A.

Scientific Method

The scientific method is used to solve problems and explain phenomena. The development of the scientific method coincided with changes in philosophy ...

Demonstrating the Scientific Method with Tree Branches
ExpandObtain branches containing a few dozen typical leaves from five different local tree species. ...

Observation and Background Research
ExpandNOTE: The first two steps in the scientific process involve studying and observing natural phenomena of ...

Problem-Solving

A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. It involves trial and error, algorithms, heuristics, and insights. Effective ...

Problem Definition

Problem definition is the initial and the most essential step in research.
The researcher identifies and explains the specific issue or gap to be ...

Apply science practices related to specialized topics of study to plan and conduct investigations or use engineering practices to design solutions to problems;

112.51.c.1.B.

Emergency Eyewash and Shower Stations

Robert M. Rioux, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mandates that an emergency ...

Electrical Safety

Robert M. Rioux &amp; Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Among the many hazards present in the laboratory, electrical ...

Working with Centrifuges

Source: Robert M. Rioux &amp; Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Earth's gravitational force is capable of separating ...

Working with Hot and Cold Sources

Source: Robert M. Rioux &amp; Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Working with extreme temperatures, both high and low, ...

Guidelines in Case of a Laboratory Emergency

Robert M. Rioux &amp; Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
The most common laboratory emergencies include chemical spills, ...

Chemical Storage: Categories, Hazards And Compatibilities

Source: Robert M. Rioux &amp; Taslima A. Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
While the use of various chemicals in experimental ...

Safe Handling of Mineral Acids

Source: Robert M. Rioux &#38; Taslima A. Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
A mineral acid (or inorganic acid) is defined as a ...

Handling Chemical Spills

Source: Robert M. Rioux &#38; Taslima Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Since chemicals are commonly used for laboratory research ...

Proper Use of Autoclaves

Robert M. Rioux &amp; Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Autoclaving is one of the most commonly used methods in the ...

Fume Hoods and Laminar Flow Cabinets

Robert M. Rioux &amp; William A. Elliott, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Fume hoods and laminar flow cabinets are engineering controls ...

Decontamination for Laboratory Biosafety

Robert M. Rioux and Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Decontamination is essential for laboratory biosafety, as the ...

Proper Waste Disposal

Robert M. Rioux and Taslima A. Zaman, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA

Users are responsible for the proper disposal of the waste ...

Use appropriate safety equipment and practices during laboratory, classroom, and field investigations as outlined in Texas Education Agency-approved safety standards;

Common Lab Glassware and Uses

Source: Laboratory of Dr. Neal Abrams &#8212; SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry
Glassware is a regular appearance in the professional ...

Lab Techniques

Measurement Accuracy
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Source: Smaa Koraym at Johns Hopkins University, MD, USA

	Preparation of LaboratoryExpand
	Here we show the laboratory preparation for 10 students ...

Source: Smaa Koraym at Johns Hopkins University, MD, USA

	Determining the Density of an EggExpand
	Density is a measure of how compact a substance or ...

Proper Lab Notebook Keeping

Organic Lab Notebook Keeping
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Source: Lara Al Hariri at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA

	Preparation of the LaboratoryExpand
	Here, we show the laboratory preparation ...

Source: Lara Al Hariri and Ahmed Basabrain at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA

	Nitration of Methyl BenzoateExpand
	From this lab onward, ...

Use tools appropriate to the specialized topic of study;

112.51.c.1.D.

SI Units: 2019 Redefinition

Measurement is integral to analytical chemistry. Each record comprises a number &#8211; denoting the magnitude&#160; &#8211; and the unit &#8211; a ...

International System of Units

The International System of Units, known as the SI system, is a universally accepted measurement system recognized and used worldwide. The SI system is ...

Measurement: Standard Units

Every measurement provides three kinds of information: the size or magnitude of the measurement (a number), a standard of comparison for the measurement ...

Measurement: Derived Units

The International System of Units or SI system, by international agreement, has fixed measurement units for seven fundamental properties: length, mass, ...

Collect quantitative data using the International System of Units (SI) or qualitative data as evidence as appropriate to the specialized topic of study;

112.51.c.1.E.

Review and Preview

Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative ...

What is a Frequency Distribution

A frequency is the number of times a value of the data occurs. The sum of all the frequency values represents the total number of students included in the ...

Cumulative Frequency Distribution

A cumulative frequency distribution is another type of frequency distribution. Instead of reporting how many data values fall in some classes, it reports ...

Ogive Graph

An ogive graph is sometimes called a cumulative frequency polygon. It is one type of frequency polygon that shows cumulative frequency. In other words, ...

Histogram

The histogram is a graphical representation in the x-y form of data distribution in a data set. The horizontal x-axis is labeled with what the data ...

Relative Frequency Histogram

The relative frequency depicts the proportion of data points that have each value. The frequency tells the number of data points that have each value. ...

Scatter Plot

The most common and easiest way to display the relationship between two variables, x and y, is a scatter plot. A scatter plot shows the direction of a ...

Time-Series Graph

A time-series graph is a line graph with repeated measurements taken at successive intervals of time. It is also called a time series chart. To construct ...

Bar Graph

A bar graph is also called a bar chart and consists of bars that are separated from each other. It either uses horizontal or vertical bars to show ...

Multiple Bar Graph

As the name suggests, a multiple bar graph is the same as a bar graph but has multiple bars to depict relationships between different data values. One can ...

Pareto Chart

A Pareto chart is a bar graph or a combination of both line and bar graphs. The bar lengths represent the individual values or the frequency, while the ...

Pie Chart

A pie chart (or a pie graph) is a circular graphical chart or a pictorial representation of categorical data. It is divided into slices of pie each ...

Organize quantitative or qualitative data using representations appropriate to the specialized topic of study such as scatter plots, line graphs, bar graphs, charts, data tables, diagrams, scientific drawings, and student-prepared models;

112.51.c.1.F.

Modeling and Similitude

A scaled model of a dam is tested in a controlled environment to observe how it will manage water flow, turbulence, and pressure.
This setup predicts the ...

Typical Model Studies

Typical model studies analyze scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior, focusing on interactions with free surfaces and flow around immersed bodies.
...

design-example-creating-a-hydraulic-model-of-a-dam-spillway

Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway

A hydraulic model of a dam spillway is often created by scaling down the design, typically to a 1:15 ratio, to replicate key flow characteristics such as ...

Models, Theories, and Laws

Scientists frequently use models to help them comprehend a specific collection of phenomena. In physics, a model is a condensed version of a physical ...

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Concepts and Prototypes

The human nervous system translates sensory stimuli into neural impulses, which the brain processes into information as thoughts and memories, forming ...

Develop and use models to represent phenomena, systems, processes, or solutions to problems as appropriate to the specialized topic of study; and

112.51.c.1.G.

Scientific and engineering practices. The student, for at least 40% of instructional time, asks questions, identifies problems, and plans and safely conducts classroom, laboratory, and field investigations to explain phenomena or design solutions using appropriate tools and models. The student is expected to:

Choosing the Right Lab PPE

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