Biofluid Analysis
Biofluid Analysis - Related Videos
04:03
Magnetic Bead-based Exosome Extraction: A Technique to Isolate Specific Exosomes from Biofluids
0 Views •
2023
In this video, we demonstrate a procedure to isolate exosomes from target biofluids using magnetic microbeads. The procedure enables the rapid capture of exosomes, which can be used for downstream analysis.
09:28
Chemical Affinity-Based Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Biofluids for Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics Analysis
0 Views •
Cited by 5 •
2023
The present protocol provides detailed descriptions for the efficient isolation of urinary extracellular vesicles utilizing functionalized magnetic beads. Moreover, it encompasses subsequent analyses, including western blotting, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics.
06:53
Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids
0 Views •
Cited by 7 •
2019
Here, we present a protocol to detect tumor somatic mutations in circulating DNA present in patient biological fluids (biofluids). Our droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR)-based method enables quantification of the tumor mutation allelic frequency (MAF), facilitating a minimally invasive complement to diagnosis and temporal monitoring of tumor response.
04:48
Automated Capillary Electrophoresis Based Fragment Size Distribution Analysis of cfDNA: A DNA Microchip-based Method to Study Size Distribution of DNA Fragments Isolated from Biofluids
0 Views •
2025
In this video, we analyze the size distribution of cell-free DNA or cfDNA fragments using automated capillary electrophoresis. This technique helps gain insights into the profile of DNA fragments released by cancer cells during apoptosis.
08:50
Multiplexed Fluorescent Microarray for Human Salivary Protein Analysis Using Polymer Microspheres and Fiber-optic Bundles
0 Views •
Cited by 4 •
2013
We describe a procedure for profiling salivary proteins using multiplexed microsphere-based antibody arrays. Monoclonal antibodies were covalently linked to fluorescent dye-encoded 4.5 μm polymer microspheres using carbodiimide chemistry. The modified microspheres were deposited in fiber-optic microwells to measure protein levels in saliva using fluorescence sandwich immunoassays.
FAQs
Sample preparation helps remove substances that could interfere with measurement and can concentrate analytes that are present at low levels. This improves the chemical signal available to chromatography, spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, or biochemical assays. The preparation step therefore affects whether a measured difference reflects the biological sample itself rather than unwanted components carried into the analysis.
They provide complementary ways to characterize a sample. Chromatography separates components, while spectroscopy and mass spectrometry support chemical identification and measurement; targeted biochemical assays focus on selected compounds or reactions. Combining separation with identification helps distinguish molecular constituents and quantify them, giving biofluid analysis broader chemical coverage than relying on a single analytical approach.
Measured concentrations of proteins, metabolites, electrolytes, and other compounds can be compared with physiological or pathological conditions. A change in a molecule may therefore serve as a measurable link between fluid chemistry and biological state. This relationship supports biomarker discovery and helps analytical chemistry move from simply detecting constituents to evaluating their relevance to health or disease.
An analysis generally begins with a biological fluid such as blood, urine, saliva, or cerebrospinal fluid. The sample may then undergo preparation to remove interfering substances or concentrate analytes, followed by separation, identification, and measurement with an appropriate instrumental or biochemical method. The resulting molecular profile is interpreted in relation to a physiological or pathological question.
It is useful when researchers need molecular evidence related to health, disease, treatment, exposure, or nutrition. Major applications include clinical diagnosis, therapeutic drug monitoring, toxicology, nutrition research, and biomarker discovery. Because blood, urine, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid can provide noninvasive or minimally invasive access, these measurements connect chemical observations with biological assessment.
Chemists can measure many molecular classes in a fluid, including proteins, metabolites, electrolytes, and other compounds, then examine how their concentrations relate to biological conditions. Analytical separation and identification make those patterns chemically observable, while targeted assays can focus on selected candidates. This supports the search for biomarkers whose measured presence or concentration is associated with health or disease.